Lesson:Essentials/31

Grammar

The Simple Past Tense

Hoje vamos começar a aprender o Simple Past Tense. Por hora, vamos apenas pensar que estas frases todas estarão no passado e aprender primeiro a forma correta; mais adiante explicaremos em mais detalhes quando usar este tempo verbal.

Affirmative Sentences

Para frases afirmativas, temos dois tipos de verbos: regulares e irregulares. Quando temos um verbo regular, colocamos a frase no passado acrescentando -ed. No caso dos verbos irregulares, teremos que memorizar uma lista.

Ex.: She walks home everyday. -> She walked home yesterday.

She usually eats a toast for breakfast. -> She ate a toast for breakfast this morning.

Negative Sentences

Quando fazemos frases negativas no Simple Past precisamos usar o verbo auxiliar did, tanto para verbos regulares quanto irregulares. Para que a frase fique negativa, o verbo auxiliar vem seguido de not, então temos:

Ex.: She did not walk home yesterday.

She did not eat toast for breakfast this morning.

Atenção! Note que não usamos o -ed nem modificamos o verbo. Para frases negativas, usamos o que é chamado de base form. Quando apresentarmos a tabela de verbos irregulares isto ficará mais claro.

Abreviação: did + not = didn't

Ex.: She didn't walk home yesterday.

She didn't eat toast for breakfast this morning.

Interrogative Sentences

O verbo auxiliar did também é utilizado para frases interrogativas, mas ele vem antes do sujeito.

Ex.: Did she walk home yesterday?

Did she eat toast for breakfast yesterday?

EXERCISES

Escolha a alternativa correta:

1 I __________ to the weather forecast 5 minutes ago.

	listened
	listen

2 She ___________ the flowers very early this morning.

	waters
	watered

3 He didn't _____________ at me in the middle of the street.

	shout
	shouted

4 Did they ___________ their room yesterday?

	cleaned
	clean

5 We ____________ TV before going to sleep.

	watches
	watched

6 Sally __________ the dishes last night.

	washes
	washed

7 Mrs. Pointers _____________ her house last year.

	painted
	paints

8 The Roberts didn't______________ us last month.

	visit
	visited

9 She ____________ tennis when she was young.

	plays
	played

10 Tom ______________ home without money.

	returned
	return

11 Sally and I _______________ home last night.

	walk
	walked

12 Did those boys __________________ my car an hour ago?

	polished
	polish

13 It _________________ a lot last week.

	rained
	rains

14 Coloque os verbos no passado nas frases abaixo:

a. Glenda to me an hour ago. (talk)

b. We to school yesterday. (walk)

c. I this group in January. (enter)

d. Did those students hard last year? (work)

e. He a long time to see you. (wait)

f. My parents didn't all their money in the stock market. (invest)

g. Your friend your books last night. (deliver)

h. The old man didn't us to leave the room. (ask)

i. The little dog her for two hours. (follow)

j. Did Levi Strauss the blue jeans? (invent)

Pronunciation

Examples
face	day
ate	break
faced	great
mate	lace
case	late

Vocabulary

• To sweep
• To clean
• To use
• To scrub
• Laundry
• Clean
• Dirt
• Dirty
• Clothes
• Cloth
• Towels
• Washing Machine
• Mop
• Bucket
• Broom
• Squeegee
• Scrubber sponge

 Important Sentences!
- Do the laundry.
- To do the chores
- To clean up the house
- House cleaning

Exercises

2) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

1. What is she doing?
2. What did she use to clean the floor?
3. Looking at the photo, where do you think she is?

1. What is she doing?
2. What do you think about this activity?
3. What is the worst place to clean?

Review

1.Translate these sentences to English:

1. Como você viajará para o Brasil semana que vem?
2. Como você limpa sua casa?
3. Quanto tempo você precisa?
4. Que tal varrermos a sala agora?
5. Quantas vassouras temos em casa?
6. Como você está hoje?

2. Change the sentences to the past:

1. They work together.
2. She studies English.
3. He creates many exercises.
4. We walk to work.
5. They enjoy playing soccer.
6. She cleans her room.

3. Change to interrogative and negative.

1. He sweeps the floor of the airport.
2. John and James do their chores everyday.
3. Kyle washed his dirty clothes in his mother's house.
4. Maria scrubs her toilet on Sundays.
5. Scheila cleaned the floor of her house without buckets.
6. Mario used a squeegee to clean the house.
7. We clean the house.

4. Ask the right questions for the answers.

• When did she clean her house?
• She cleaned her house yesterday

1. He swept the floor.
2. She scrubbed her toilet yesterday.
3. She washed her clothes.
4. They washed their clothes because they were dirty.
5. Because I needed to do the laundry.
6. Yes, it is clean.

5. Describe the following picture.^help

Extra Vocab

The Utility Room

• Washing machine
• Bleach
• Detergent
• Dirty clothes hamper
• Dirty clothes
• Dryer
• Hanger
• Ironing board
• Iron
• Scrub brush
• Clothes pin
• Clothes line
• Trash can
• Garbage, trash
• Trash bag
• Vacuum cleaner
• Broom
• Spray bottle
• Dustpan
• Mop
• Bucket

Utility Room

Conversation

1. Do you clean your room/house often?
2. What products do you usually use to clean your room/house?
3. What cleaning product(s) is/are necessary to have at home? Why?
4. When you do the laundry, what is necessary for it?
5. How many hangers do you have in your house?
6. What chore is the most boring for you? And the most entertaining?
7. Do you like to clean your house or do you pay someone to do it?
8. How well do you think people clean other people's houses?
9. Do you know any cleaning tricks?
10. Do you think cleaning houses was more work in the past than it is nowadays?

Next lesson

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