Difference between revisions of "Lesson:Infinitive or -ING"

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Infinitive or -ing?
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= Intro =
 +
==Infinitivo ou -ing?==
  
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Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its:
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Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*-ing (doing, singing)
 +
</div>
 +
:::ou
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
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*infinitiva (to do, to sing).
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*I dislike working late. (???)
 +
*I dislike to work late. (???)
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
== Part A ==
 +
===Quando usar a forma infinitiva===
  
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    -ing form (doing, singing)
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{| class="prettytable" align="right"
 +
!colspan="5"| verb + to + verb
 +
|+ align="bottom" |
 +
Table 1
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|-
 +
| forget || help || learn || teach || train
 +
|-
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| choose || expect || hope || need || offer
 +
|-
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| want || would like || agree || refuse || pretend
 +
|-
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| promise || allow || afford || decide  || manage
 +
|-
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| mean || tend || threaten || attempt || fail
 +
|-
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| plan || arrange || appear || seem || intend
 +
|-
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| dare || || || ||
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|}
 +
1. A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:
  
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    or
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<div class="well well-ex" style="width: 50%;">
 +
*I forgot to close the window.
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*Mary needs to leave early.
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*We can't afford to take a long holiday.
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</div>
  
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    infinitive form (to do, to sing).
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2. A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:
  
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For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one?
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* disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
 +
<div class="well well-ex" style="width: 50%;">
 +
*I was happy to help them.
 +
*She will be delighted to see you.
 +
</div>
  
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    I dislike working late. (???)
+
2.1 Isto inclui too + adjetivo:
−
    I dislike to work late. (???)
+
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*The water was too cold to swim in.
 +
*Is your coffee too hot to drink?
 +
</div>
  
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When to use the infinitive
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2.2 A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*He was strong enough to lift it.
 +
*She is rich enough to buy two.
 +
</div>
  
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The infinitive form is used after certain verbs:
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== Part B ==
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- forget, help, learn, teach, train
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===Quando usar -ing===
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- choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
 
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- agree, encourage, pretend, promise
 
−
- allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
 
  
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    I forgot to close the window.
+
1. A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:
−
    Mary needs to leave early.
+
<div class="well well-ex">
−
    Why are they encouraged to learn English?
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*Swimming is good exercise.
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    We can't afford to take a long holiday.
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*Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
 +
</div>
 +
2. A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*I look forward to meeting you.
 +
*They left without saying "Goodbye."
 +
</div>
 +
{| class="prettytable" align="right"
 +
!colspan="5"| verb + verb(ing)
 +
|+ align="bottom" |
 +
'''Table 2'''
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|-
 +
| avoid || dislike || enjoy || finish || mind
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|-
 +
| practice || imagine || suggest || stop || deny
 +
|-
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| delay || regret || admit || consider || involve
 +
|-
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| miss || postpone || risk || ||
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|}
 +
3. A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:
 +
<div class="well well-ex" style="width: 50%;">
 +
*I dislike getting up early.
 +
*Would you mind opening the window?
 +
*Stop talking for a second, please.
 +
*I miss living with you.
 +
</div>
 +
4. Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:
  
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The infinitive form is always used after adjectives, for example:
+
* begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
−
- disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
+
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*It started to rain.
 +
*It started raining.
 +
*I like to play tennis.
 +
*I like playing tennis.
 +
</div>
  
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    I was happy to help them.
+
===Writing practice===
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    She will be delighted to see you.
 
  
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This includes too + adjective:
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Make sentences using the verbs found in table 1 and table 2. Make sure you use the structure we learned in this lesson (verb to verb) and (verb + verb + ING).
  
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    The water was too cold to swim in.
+
== Extra Exercises ==
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    Is your coffee too hot to drink?
 
  
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The infinitive form is used after adjective + enough:
+
#[[Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1]]
−
 
 
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    He was strong enough to lift it.
 
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    She is rich enough to buy two.
 
−
 
 
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When to use -ing
 
−
 
 
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The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause:
 
−
 
 
−
    Swimming is good exercise.
 
−
    Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
 
−
 
 
−
The -ing form is used after a preposition:
 
−
 
 
−
    I look forward to meeting you.
 
−
    They left without saying "Goodbye."
 
−
 
 
−
The -ing form is used after certain verbs:
 
−
- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
 
−
 
 
−
    I dislike getting up early.
 
−
    Would you mind opening the window?
 
−
 
 
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Some verbs can be followed by the -ing form or the infinitive without a big change in meaning: begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
 
  
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    It started to rain.
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<br><br>
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    It started raining.
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{{#widget:DISQUS
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    I like to play tennis.
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|id=jointhegrove
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    I like playing tennis.
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|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
 +
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
 +
}}
  
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==Exercises==
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[[Category:Core]]
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#[[Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1]]
 

Latest revision as of 17:06, 13 August 2020

Intro

Infinitivo ou -ing?

Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:

  • -ing (doing, singing)
ou
  • infinitiva (to do, to sing).


Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?

  • I dislike working late. (???)
  • I dislike to work late. (???)


Part A

Quando usar a forma infinitiva

verb + to + verb
Table 1
forget help learn teach train
choose expect hope need offer
want would like agree refuse pretend
promise allow afford decide manage
mean tend threaten attempt fail
plan arrange appear seem intend
dare

1. A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:

  • I forgot to close the window.
  • Mary needs to leave early.
  • We can't afford to take a long holiday.

2. A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:

  • disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
  • I was happy to help them.
  • She will be delighted to see you.

2.1 Isto inclui too + adjetivo:

  • The water was too cold to swim in.
  • Is your coffee too hot to drink?

2.2 A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:

  • He was strong enough to lift it.
  • She is rich enough to buy two.

Part B

Quando usar -ing

1. A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:

  • Swimming is good exercise.
  • Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.

2. A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:

  • I look forward to meeting you.
  • They left without saying "Goodbye."
verb + verb(ing)
Table 2
avoid dislike enjoy finish mind
practice imagine suggest stop deny
delay regret admit consider involve
miss postpone risk

3. A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:

  • I dislike getting up early.
  • Would you mind opening the window?
  • Stop talking for a second, please.
  • I miss living with you.

4. Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:

  • begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
  • It started to rain.
  • It started raining.
  • I like to play tennis.
  • I like playing tennis.

Writing practice

Make sentences using the verbs found in table 1 and table 2. Make sure you use the structure we learned in this lesson (verb to verb) and (verb + verb + ING).

Extra Exercises

  1. Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1



{{#widget:DISQUS |id=jointhegrove |uniqid=Infinitive or -ING |url=http://thegrove.com.br/metodo/index.php/Infinitive_or_-ING }}

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