Lesson: Essentials/45

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Grammar

Can é usado para afirmar que algo é possível de ser feito ou permitido. Também significa que alguém tem a habilidade para fazer algo.
Can é usado seguido de infinitivo
  • He can go to the party
    • Ele pode ir à festa.
  • Can you come to my house today?
    • Você pode vir à minha casa hoje?
Can't é a forma negativa (can not), significa que algo não é possível de ser feito ou alguém não é capaz de realizar algo.
  • I can't go to the mall tonight.
    • Eu não posso ir ao shopping hoje a noite.
  • You can`t travel before your surgery.
    • Você não pode viajar antes da sua cirurgia.
Podemos utilizar também o "be able to" com o mesmo sentido de "can".
  • I am able to go to he party
    • Eu posso ir à festa.
  • They are able to swim.
    • Eles são capazes de nadar.
O "can" e o "be able to" tem o mesmo sentido porém o usamos o can apenas no passado (Could) e no presente enquanto o "be able to" podemos utilizar com outros tempos verbais, observe:
  • I will be able to go to the party.
    • Eu poderei ir à festa.
  • They were able to swim.
    • Eles eram capazes de nadar.
  • She is being able to do this everyday.
    • Ela está sendo capaz de fazer isso todo dia.
  • Maria might be able to finish this.
    • Talvez Maria seja capaz de terminar isso.
  • We used to be able to finish this game.
    • Nós costumávamos ser capazes de terminar esse jogo.


1. Put the correct form of either "can" or "be able to" for each sentence:

  1. My brother _______ cook very well. He is a chef in a French restaurant.
  2. When he was only 2, my friend Lee _______ speak quite well.
  3. I have to go to a business dinner tomorrow night so I _______ (not) come to the party. I'm very sorry.
  4. Kevin lived in Italy for six years, so he must _______ speak Italian quite well. He will help you with your homework.
  5. This telephone is terrible. I _______ (not) hear you at all.
  6. When the car drove into the lake, one of the passengers _______ (not) open the door and had to be rescued.
  7. Despite the storm, they _______ finish the football match.
  8. When I was very young, I used to _______ touch my toes, but I can't now!
  9. The house was totally empty all day yesterday and I _______ finish that book I was reading.
  10. My mother tells me that her grandfather was one of the best musicians of his time and _______ play the piano like a pro.
  11. I hope to _______ speak English very well after this course finishes.


2. Rewrite the sentences following the model:

swim in the sea this morning / she - past
She was able to swim in the sea this morning.
  1. cook for 10 people / The chef - present
  2. train more than twenty kids / The coach - future
  3. repair the problems / The mechanic - future
  4. speak four languages / The manager - past
  5. run 1 kilometer in less than 3 minutes / The athlete - present
  6. serve 8 tables / The waiter - future
  7. read the text out loud / The student - present
  8. spend some time with his kids / James - future
  9. take a long trip around the world / Catarina - past
  10. give commands to the dog / Kimmy - present


Vocabulary

Communication

  • Letter
  • Return address
  • Address
  • Stamp
  • Postmark
  • Postcard
  • Mailman
  • Mailbox
  • Newspaper
  • Reporter
  • Magazine
  • Package
  • Box
  • Telephone
  • Ring
  • Telephone jack
  • Cell phone
  • Walkie-talkie


Communication

Phrasal Verb

ask someone a question
fazer uma pergunta a alguém
  • He wants to ask the teacher a question.
    • Ele quer fazer uma pergunta ao professor (à professora).


1. Translate the sentences into Portuguese:

  1. He wants to ask her a question.
  2. The police is asking the suspect questions about last night.

2. Translate the sentences into English:

  1. Mariana queria fazer uma pergunta sobre matemática ao professor.
  2. Posso te fazer uma pergunta?

3. Make two sentences using the phrasal verb ask someone a question:

Conversation

  1. Try to list some means of communication that you know of.
  2. Which one of those do you use most often?
  3. Do you think newspapers will become obsolete one day? Why?
  4. Is the mailman profession also at risk? Why?
  5. Do you remember the last time you received a letter?
  6. Do you send/receive many packages?
  7. Did you have a stamp collection when you were a child?
  8. How are smartphones changing the way we communicate?
  9. What's the best way to communicate in your point of view? Why?
  10. How will communication be different in the future?

Prepositions

off

1. Look at the pictures below and write two sentences using the preposition off:


Buzz off!


US Navy 111130-N-YX169-130 A helicopter departs the ship

Review

1. Choose the correct form of 'can' or 'to be able to' to complete the sentences below.

  1. Tom _______ (buy) a new house last month.
  2. _______ (they/play) tennis well?
  3. She _______ (not/understand) the question yesterday.
  4. When _______ (you/come) tomorrow?
  5. Unfortunately, they _______ (not/get) the bread this morning.
  6. I _______ (not / play) golf last Thursday.
  7. _______ (you / speak) Japanese?
  8. _______ (he / come) to the party next weekend.
  9. They _______ (get) tickets to the Rolling Stones concert last week.
  10. How _______ (you / convince) him to come to the exhibition last week?
  11. She _______ (enjoy) the concert because of the noise outside.

2. Rewrite the sentences following the model.

  • We can serve everybody at 4 p.m. / before the game / after the presentation
  • We can serve everybody before the game.
  • We can serve everybody after the presentation.
  1. The mailman wasn't able to deliver the letters. / package / to my friend
  2. We are waiting for the reporter. / postcard / my grandma
  3. They can use the cellphone to communicate. / walkie-talkie / during the trip
  4. Today's newspaper wasn't in my mailbox. / magazine / article
  5. My cousin has a box full of stamps / postcards / magazines
  6. The secretary wasn't able to write the address down. / return address / on the package

3. Continue the story using the words below:

When I was a kid I remember waiting anxiously for the mailman to come to our house to deliver a letter a friend had sent or. Nowadays, this is not so common because of the technology, but one thing that technology won't change is....


  1. and
  2. package
  3. magazines
  4. or
  5. envelope


4. Text listening

Answers

  1. They can go in the morning if you want.
  2. When is she going to be able to finish it?
  3. Kate will be arriving tomorrow night.
  4. The cook was paying attention to the oven.
  5. What can we do tonight?
  6. Don't worry, they will do the dishes right after lunch!
  7. Is she going to be able to do it herself?


5. Give a comment for each sentence using can or be able to:

  • She doesn't have any new idea for the project.
  • She can read some books to open up her mind.
  1. The kids aren't happy with this game they are playing.
  2. The man was very confused on which tool to use.
  3. Going on motorcycle trails is easy for them.
  4. He wants to paint something different this time.
  5. That girl is very talkative.
  6. She isn't here yet and it's already 5 o'clock.
  7. This car is very expensive.




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