The Grove - Academia de Idiomas - User contributions [en]

Lesson:Essentials/45

2014-03-07T12:19:00Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

{{#ev:youtube|ID}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{
|type="{}"}

</quiz>
|}

:1. Put the correct form of either "can" or "be able to" for each sentence:

# My brother _______ cook very well. He is a chef in a French restaurant.
# When he was only 2, my friend Lee _______ speak quite well.
# I have to go to a business dinner tomorrow night so I _______ (not) come to the party. I'm very sorry.
# Kevin lived in Italy for six years, so he must _______ speak Italian quite well. He will help you with your homework.
# This telephone is terrible. I _______ (not) hear you at all.
# When the car drove into the lake, one of the passengers _______ (not) open the door and had to be rescued.
# Despite the arrival of the storm, they _______ finish the football match.
# When I was very young, I used to _______ touch my toes, but I can't now!!
# The house was totally empty all day yesterday and I _______ finish that book I was reading.
# My mother tells me that her grandfather was one of the best musicians of his time in the city and _______ play the piano like a professional.
# I hope to _______ speak English very well after this course finishes.

:2. Rewrite the sentences following the model:

:'''swim in the sea this morning / she - past'''
: She was able to swim in the sea this morning.

# cook for 10 people / The chef - present
# train more than twenty kids / The coach - future
# repare the problems / The mechanic - future
# speak four languages / The manager - past
# run 1 kilometer in less than 3 minutes / The athlete - present
# serve 8 tables / The waiter - future
# read the text out loud / The student - present
# spend some time with his kids / James - future
# take a long trip around the world / Catarina - past
# give comands to the dog / Kimmy - present

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|ID}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| ||
|-
| ||
|-
| ||
|-
| ||
|-
| ||
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Communication===

* Letter
* Return address
* Address
* Stamp
* Postmark
* Postcard
* Mailman
* Mailbox
* Newspaper
* Reporter
* Magazine
* Package
* Box
* Telephone
* Ring
* Telephone jack
* Cell phone
* Walkie-talkie

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/communication/

==Slang and Idioms /Phrasal Verbs==

1.

==Conversation==

# Try to list some means of communication that you know of.
# Which one of those do you use more?
# Do you think newspapers will get to be obsolete one day? Why?
# Is the mailman profession also in risk? Why?
# Do you remember when was the last time ou received a letter?
# Do you send/receive many packages?
# Did you have a stamp collection when you were a child?
# Are smartphones responsible for all of this changes in communication? Why?
# What´s the best way to communicate in your point of view? Why?
# How will communication be in the future?

==Travel Bites==

1.

==Prepositions==

off

==Review==

====1. Choose the correct form of 'can' or 'to be able to' to complete the sentences below.====

# Tom _______ (buy) a new house last month. was able to
# _______ (they/play) tennis well? can they play
# She _______ (not/understand) the question yesterday. wasn't able to understand
# When _______ (you/come) tomorrow? can you come / will be able to come
# Unfortunately, they _______ (get) the bread this morning. weren't able to get
# I _______ (not / play) golf last Thursday. wasn't able to
# _______ (you / speak) Japanese? can you speak
# _______ (he / come) to the party next weekend. will he be able to
# They _______ (get) tickets to the Rolling Stones concert last week. were able to get
# How _______ (you / convince) him to come to the exhibition last week? were you able to
# She _______ (enjoy) the concert because of the noise outside. wasn't able to

====2. Rewrite the sentences following the model.====

{{Example|
*'''We can serve everybody at 4pm./ before the game / after the presentation'''
*We can serve everybody before the game.
*We can serve everybody after the presentation.
}}

:a. The mailman wasn't able to deliver the letters. / package / to my friend
:b. We are waiting for the reporter / postcard / My grandma
:c. They can use the cellphone to communicate / walkie-talkie / during the trip
:d. Today´s newspaper wasn't in my mailbox / magazine /
:e. My cousin has a box full of stamps / postcards / magazines
:f. The secretary wasn't able write the address / return address / on the package

====3. Continue the story using the words below:====

: When I was a kid I remember when the mailman passed from house to house delivering all the mails sent by the people. Nowadays this is not so common because of the technology, but one thing that technology won't change is....

# and
# package
# magazines
# or
# envelope

====4. Text listening====

{{Answers|
# They can go in the morning if you want.
# When is she going to be able to finish it?
# Kate will be arriving tomorrow night.
# The cook was paying attention to the oven.
# What can we do tonight?
# Don't worry, they will do the dishes right after lunch!
# Is she going to be able to do it herself?
}}

====5. Give a comment for each sentence using can or be able to:====

{{Example|
*'''She doesn't have any new idea for the project.'''
*She can read some books to open her mind.
}}

# The kids aren't happy with this game they are playing.
# The man was very confused on which tool to use.
# Go on motorcycles trail is easy for them.
# He wants to paint something different this time.
# That girl is very talkative
# She isn't here yet and it's already 5 o'clock.
# This car is very expensive.

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** Lesson:Essentials/41|Lesson 41
** Lesson:Essentials/42|Lesson 42
** Lesson:Essentials/43|Lesson 43
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** Lesson:Essentials/45|Lesson 45
** Lesson:Essentials/46|Lesson 46
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Lesson:Essentials/43

2014-03-07T12:18:07Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

{{#ev:youtube|ID}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{
|type="{}"}

</quiz>
|}

:1. Put the sentences into the negative form:

:a. I will be studying at 5 o'clock.
:b. You will be living in Japan next year.
:c. We will be traveling by the end of next week.
:d. They will be watching TV after 9 p.m.
:e. Tomorrow at this time, he will be working there.
:f. I will be moving to L.A. in may.
:g. They will be leaving when you arrive.

:2. Put the sentences into the interrogative form:

:a. She will be arriving at 4 o'clock.
:b. We will be having a walk at noon.
:c. You will be talking to him at 9 o'clock tomorrow.
:d. He will be waiting for you at the corner.
:e. Tom and I will be talking to you in an hour.
:f. I will be flying over the Pacific tomorrow.
:g. She will be having dinner at 8 o'clock.

:3. Complete the blanks with the Future Continuous tense:

:a. Next month I _______ (fly) to Italy.
:b. When you arrive, she _______ (cook) lunch.
:c. When we get there, they _______ (prepare) our sandwiches.
:d. We _______ (come) back from school by 5 o'clock.
:e. If you come late, I _______. (sleep)
:f. He _______ (paint) the back door tomorrow.
:g. I _______ (build) the doghouse this weekend.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|iPVvOpzzU_s}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| back || trap
|-
| stamp || lap
|-
| hat || scrap
|-
| fat || natural
|-
| lack || bat
|}

=Vocabulary=
* To tell - Told
* To see - saw
* To know - knew
* To hold - Held
==History==

* King
* Scepter
* Crown
* Throne
* Queen
* Prince
* Princess
* Noble
* Peasant
* Castle
* Drawbridge
* Moat
* Flag
* Flag pole
* Knight
* Visor
* Hilt
* Sword
* Shield
* Squire, page
* Armor
* Lance
* Halberd
* Executioner
* Stockade
* Gallow
* Nose
* Pirate
* Caveman
* Club
* Bow
* Arrow
* Quiver
* Spear
* Slingshot
* Weapon

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/history/

=== Exercises ===

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:
::[[File:Tewkesbury Medieval Festival 2009 - Fight.jpg|500px|Tewkesbury Medieval Festival 2009 - Fight]]
::a. what are they holding?
::b. what are they wearing
::c. Describe the whole picture

2) Look at the photo below and create a short text inspired by the picture.
::[[File:Trakošćan 2007.JPG|500px|Trakošćan 2007]]

==Slang and Idioms /Phrasal Verbs==

1.

==Conversation==

# Do you like to know about old history?
# What´s so curious about world history?
# Do you know any castle? If so, which one?
# What city, that ou know, do you consider to be the most historical? Why?
# Do you like to visit historical places?
# Are there any historical places where you live? Which one(s)?
# If you could go back on time, which personality would like to be in the old world history? Why?
# What is/was the role of a king?
# Would you like to live in those moments?
# Would like to live in a kingdom?

==Travel Bites==

1.

==Prepositions==

up/down

==Review==

====1. Rewrite the activities you will be doing next week:====
{{Example|
*'''What will you be doing next Friday?'''
*'''go to the beach'''
*''I will be going to the beach.''
}}

:a. What will she be doing next month?
: visit her relatives

:b. What will they be doing next winter?
: travel to Chile.

:c. What will your father be doing next holiday?
: stay home with his family.

:d. What will your teacher will be doing next week?
: correct the tests.

:e. What will your friend be doing after class?
: prepare a snack.

:f. What will the athlete be doing for the olympic games?
: practice for the games.

:g. What will the tourist be doing in Europe?
: visit the museums.

====2. Rewrite the sentences following the model.====

{{Example|
*That king will be a peasant. / prince / won't
*That prince will be a peasant.
*That prince won't be a peasant.
}}

# They need to fix the flag of that castle. / flagpole / drawbridge
# The knight might be seriously hurt after the war. / pirate / peasant
# They have to fix their shields. / sword / armor
# His armor is very damaged. / heavy / visor
# The king couldn't talk to the queen. / noble / could
# The caveman is getting his club. / hunting his lunch / lost in the jungle.
# Could the king stay out of the castle? / queen / throne

====3. Vocabulary====

# Name two famous kings -
# Name two movies about knights -
# Name three famous princess in the world history -
# Name four arms used in old battles -

====4. Text listening====

{{Answers|
# They will open the drawbridge.
# The pirates are planning to attack their enemies.
# Nobody can sit on that throne, it´s just for the king!
# That lost crown might be from the queen.
# The knight didn't take care of his shield.
# His armor was totally damaged after the battle.
# Flags are reference of a castle.
}}

====5. Answer the questions according to the reading:====

:Princess Diana

:Diana, Princess of Wales, became famous when she decided to marry Prince Charles. She became the most photographed person in the world. Everywhere she went, there were photographers taking pictures of her and people were very interested in her clothes, where she went on holiday and who she was with. They were also interested in the problems between her and her husband. When they divorced she remained very popular. In addition to her image as a 'star', Princess Diana used her influence to attract attention to some charities. She was very sympathetic to all people who were ill and unhappy and dedicated time to helping them and drawing public attention to their problems. She used to visit homeless people regularly and did a lot of work for the National AIDS Trust; she visited people suffering from AIDS.

<quiz display=simple>
{It is implied in the passage that before her marriage to Prince Charles, Diana was ----.
|type="()"}
+ an unknown figure to public
- one of the relatives to his family
- followed by an army of photographers
- was one of the victims of the epidemic AIDS

</quiz>

<quiz display=simple>
{It can be understood from the passage that Diana and Charles ----.
|type="()"}
- were expected to get divorced soon after the wedding
- had children before their marriage
+ ended up in a marriage failure
- visited the hospitals in poor regions

</quiz>

<quiz display=simple>
{It is easy to infer from the passage that ----.
|type="()"}
- Prince Charles married someone else after separation
- the Royal Family never approved Diana's marriage to Prince Charles
- the National AIDS Trust was one of the clubs which Diana was a member of
+ Diana wasn't indifferent to suffering people

</quiz>

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** Lesson:Essentials/41|Lesson 41
** Lesson:Essentials/42|Lesson 42
** Lesson:Essentials/43|Lesson 43
** Lesson:Essentials/44|Lesson 44
** Lesson:Essentials/45|Lesson 45
** Lesson:Essentials/46|Lesson 46
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** Lesson:Essentials/49|Lesson 49
** Lesson:Essentials/50|Lesson 50
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Lesson:Essentials/42

2014-03-07T12:17:21Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

{{#ev:youtube|ID}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{
|type="{}"}

</quiz>
|}

1. Fill the blanks with the past continuous:

:a. When she called us we _______ (correct) our exercises.
:b. The children _______ (cry) 5 minutes ago.
:c. I _______ (study) Geography when you called me.
:d. Lucy _______ (sing) in the garden.
:e. Those girls _______ (look) for you.
:f. Me and my friends _______ (watch) TV in my bedroom.
:g. That man _______ (build) a doghouse.

2. Change he sentences from the simple past to the past continuous tense:

:a. She walked to school
:b. They played chess last night.
:c. It rained a lot.
:d. We wrote love poems.
:e. I helped my mother with the lunch.
:f. The teacher explained the lesson to the students.
:g. They played a new game last weekend.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|umQMaIcsE_M}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| dress || head
|-
| bed || many
|-
| medal || dead
|-
| fell || pen
|-
| test || nest
|}

=Vocabulary=
* To build - built
* To lay - laid
* House
* Building
* Construction
* Shape
* Size
* Tall
* Short
* Huge
* Structure
* Budget

-photo exercise-

== Extra Vocabulary==

===Construction===

* Ladder
* Cement
* Cinder block
* Lumber, wood
* Brick
* Carpenter
* Crane
* Architect
* Foreman
* Blueprint
* Mason
* Steel girder
* Wheel barrow
* Jackhammer
* Earplugs
* Construction worker
* Welder
* Blow torch
* Bulldozer
* Forklift
* Steamroller
* Dump truck

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/construction/

==Slang and Idioms /Phrasal Verbs==

1.

==Conversation==

# Are you interested in the construction area?
# What´s the worst part of constructing something?
# What´s the best part of constructing something?
# Which do you think is worst, to construct or to remodel? Why?
# Would you like to build a house? What would be so necessary to have in it?
# What´s the favorite room in your house/apartment? Why?
# What´s your favorite color for houses?
# Do you know how to paint a wall?
# Are you afraid of using a ladder? Why?
# Which skill do you think you have to do a home improvement?

==Travel Bites==

1.

==Prepositions==

through

==Review==

====1. Answer the questions using the past continuous. See the example below.====

{{Example|
*'''What were you doing yesterday?'''
*'''watch a movie / friends'''
*I was watching a movie with my friends.
}}

#What was she doing yesterday? (study for the test / alone)
#What were they doing yesterday? (buy a newspaper / get information)
#What were you doing yesterday? (drink water / after gym)
#What was he doing yesterday? (prepare the paper / the class)
#What was the lady doing yesterday? (go to the beauty parlor / look beautiful)
#What were the players doing yesterday? (practice / for the next game)
#What was policeman doing yesterday? (give a ticket / to the bad driver)

====2. Rewrite the sentences following the model.====

{{Example|
* '''The worker was feeling bad. / tired / sick'''
* The worker was feeling tired.
* The worker was feeling sick.
}}

#The architect is changing the project. / color of the house / decorating the new house
#The workers need more bricks to continue the construction. / cinder block / cement
#I need a ladder to fix the lamp. /
#The foreman has to contract new people or he has to help the others. / to reduce the productivity / extend the deadline (deadline = prazo final)
#That crane is huge. / not safe / That dump truck
#We´ll buy a lot of board wood to construct the dog´s house. / My neighbor / cat´s
#The party next door is very noisy / so

====3. Use the simple past or past continuous in the sentences below:====

#We _______ (live) in France when the war _______. (begin)
#While you _______ (talk) to Jane I _______ (wait) for you.
#She _______ (drive) to the airport when someone _______ (call) her.
#I _______ (read) your letter when you _______ (phone).
#When he _______ (get) up, we _______ (have) lunch.
#We _______ (live) in Spain when we _______ (study) art.
#I _______ (look) at that building when the architect _______. (arrived)

====4. Text listening====

{{Answers|
#The mason needs to wear the earplugs during work.
#They need 2,000 more bricks to finish constructing the wall.
#The engineer lost the blueprint.
#The crane is rented until tomorrow.
#We need the forklift to get these materials.
#The wheel barrow is broken.
#This cement is not the best one.
}}

====5. Read the text and answer the questions below without reading the questions:====

:The Car Accident
:Yesterday I saw a car accident. I was standing on the corner, waiting for the green light. The other light changed from green to yellow. Then I saw a sports car. The man driving the sports car was driving very fast. He wanted to get through the yellow light but when he got closer it turned red. On the other street, a tow truck started to move forward. The driver of the sports car tried to stop but it was too late. He smashed into the side of the tow truck. The man in the sports car got out of his car very slowly. He had a cut on his head and he was stumbling around. The man in the tow truck was not hurt. He called an ambulance with his cellphone. By then a crowd was gathering. Some people were watching from distance, others were helping the injured man. Then the ambulance arrived. The paramedics put the injured man on a stretcher and drove him to the hospital.

UNKOWN WORDS:

:'''to stand''' - pôr de pé; suster; sustentar; colocar; aguentar; honrar; manter-se; permanecer
:'''to smash''' - esmagar; romper, quebrar; destruir (-se); amassar; falir; bater; chocar-se
:'''to stumble''' - tropeçar, falhar, fracassar
:'''to gather''' - reunir, recolher, colher; acumular; juntar, unir; entender
:'''stretcher''' - maca

#When did the accident happen?
#Where did I see the accident from?
#What did the sports car do?
#What happened when the tow truck stared to move?
#What was Mrs. Bells doing?
#Did anybody get hurt?
#Where did the injured man have to go?
#Now it´s your turn to retell the same story but with your own words to the teacher.

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* Tier 5
** Lesson:Essentials/41|Lesson 41
** Lesson:Essentials/42|Lesson 42
** Lesson:Essentials/43|Lesson 43
** Lesson:Essentials/44|Lesson 44
** Lesson:Essentials/45|Lesson 45
** Lesson:Essentials/46|Lesson 46
** Lesson:Essentials/47|Lesson 47
** Lesson:Essentials/48|Lesson 48
** Lesson:Essentials/49|Lesson 49
** Lesson:Essentials/50|Lesson 50
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/41

2014-03-07T12:16:34Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

Hoje vamos aprender sobre '''conjunctions'''. Conjunctions são palavras que ligam duas ou mais palavras, frases ou cláusulas. Como o nosso objetivo é aprender a falar inglês com fluência e não a dar definições gramaticais rigorosas, vamos deixar de lado toda a discussão sobre como classificar conjunções e apenas ver alguns exemplos e aprender a usá-las na prática.

As conjunções que veremos hoje são: '''and''', '''but''', '''or''', '''so''' e '''because'''.

Estas palavras são tão úteis que dá vontade de colocar logo todas elas aqui. Mas, aprendendo estas cinco, já melhoramos muito a nossa capacidade de comunicação.

Vejamos alguns exemplos:

<div class="well well-ex">
*Larry finished eating dinner and started studying for the exam.
**Larry terminou de jantar e começou a estudar para a prova.
*She had a lot of free time but she did not study very much.
**Ela tinha bastante tempo livre mas não estudou muito.
*You can stay here with me or go to the mall with your father.
**Você pode ficar aqui comigo ou ir para o shopping com o seu pai.
*We didn't have time to have breakfast so we decided to stop at a restaurant on the way.
**Nós não tivemos tempo de tomar café da manhã então decidimos parar em um restaurante no caminho.
*I worked until late because I was very excited about the project.
**Trabalhei até tarde porque estava muito empolgado(a) com o projeto.
</div>

===Exercises===

1. Complete the sentences with: '''because''', '''and''', '''but''', '''or''', or '''so''':

#In the summer we wear light clothes _______ the weather is hot.
#I have a toothache _______ I must see a dentist as soon as possible.
#It is rainy _______ windy today.
#With this hot weather we can go to the beach _______ to the swimming pool.
#I like walking _______ I never go to school on foot _______ it is 10 miles away from home.
#My son is calm _______ easy-going _______ my daughter is very moody _______ they never agree with each other. (with each other = um com o outro)
#They don't know if they will order sandwiches _______ a pizza.
#I am English _______ I live in the US _______ I work for an American company.
#I love painting _______ fishing _______ they teach me concentration.
#Jane hates swimming _______ she spends her summer holidays on the beach _______ she loves sunbathing.
#It is always rainy in winter _______ you should always take an umbrella with you.
#I don't know if I will stay home _______ go to that party with my friends.
#Fast foods are delicious _______ usually unhealthy, _______ people should avoid them.
#Peter is obese _______ the doctor advised him to practice sports regularly.
#Parents _______ their children should have a good relationship.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|m2S3Oar2dVU}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| a || the
|-
| of || that
|-
| about || common
|-
| standard || butter
|-
| better || clever
|}

==Vocabulary==

* To record
* To shoot
* To take - took
* To see - Saw
* Picture
* Painting
* Harmony
* Landscape
* Birds
* Sight
* Light
* Dark
* Fashion Show
* Looks
* Model
* Studio

<br>
<div class="well" style="width: 40%;">
<span class="label label-warning">Important Sentences!</span>
* well lit room
* Photoshoot
* To take a picture
</div>

===Exercises===

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Photo Studio.jpg|500px|Photo Studio]]

::a. What is the place in the photo?
::b. Is it dark or well lit?
::c. Describe the place.

==Extra Vocabulary==

===Photography===

* Camera
* Flash
* Lens
* Zoom lens
* Photograph, photo
* Slide
* Photo album
* Photographer
* Tripod
* Film
* Reel
* Projector
* Screen

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/photography/

== Slang and Idioms / Phrasal Verbs==

1.

==Conversation==

#Do you take many pictures?
#Do you prefer taking pictures of people or landscapes? Why?
#Do you have a camera or do you use your cell phone to take pictures?
#When did you last take a picture? What was it of?
#Do you think taking pictures is a more common activity now that smartphones have cameras? Do you like it or not? Why?
#What's the best thing about taking a picture: the memory it gets back or the possibility to show it to others?
#Is it difficult to take good pictures? Why?
#Do you know any photographer?
#Do you have an instagram account? If so, what kind of pictures do you usually post there?
#Describe the nicest picture you took with your camera.

==Travel Bites==

1.

==Prepositions==

to / from

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Review==

====1. Write at least two sentences with each of the conjunctions below:====

#because
#so
#or
#and
#but

====2. Rewrite the sentences following the model.====

{{Example|
*'''They recorded the game yesterday. / the party / my sister'''
*They recorded the party yesterday.
*My sister recorded the party yesterday.
}}

#My brother is going to take many pictures today. / record the lecture / to see the pictures.
#Gisele will be in the fashion show because she's a good model. / pretty / famous.
#They need to have landscape and models on this picture. / cars and mechanics / the beach and the sun
#The photographer lost his camera so the photo shoot will be in the afternoon. / in the studio / needs more light
#My family took many pictures but I couldn't use any of them. / only a few were in good quality / I
#They can eat here or go to a restaurant. / go to the movies - theater / shop online - in a bricks and mortar store
#The prices were good so I bought two pieces. / the whole box / a few more units.

====3. Rewrite the sentences using the conjunctions given. You might need to add some extra words in the sentence. See the example:====

{{Example|
*'''stay home / go to the show tomorrow night ( or )'''
*I'll stay home or go to the show tomorrow night.
}}

#went to his first day at school / made new friends ( and )
#took her new camera on the trip / didn't take many pictures ( but )
#go walking in the afternoon / go by car at night ( or )
#wanted to take good pictures of the view / stopped on the way to the mountains ( so )
#stayed longer / wanted to finish it soon ( because )
#arrived home / called my father ( and )
#changed the flat tire / could continue my trip ( so )

====4. Listen to the sentences and write them down:====

{{Answers|
#That place has beautiful landscapes.
#After the black out everything was totally dark.
#The flash of that old camera isn't working.
#There many pretty birds behind my house.
#She didn't see me last night.
#We need to take this to the meeting.
#Do you know any good photographer?
}}

====5. Choose the right answer according to the sentence given:====

<quiz display=simple>

{'''Mr. Carter said: "I want to visit the pyramids and the desert when I go to Egypt."'''<br>}

{Mr. Carter:
|type="()"}
- knows a lot about Egypt
+ is probably going to Egypt for the first time
- is a descendant of Cleopatra

{He
|type="()"}
- wants to visit first the pyramids and then the desert
- wants to visit first the desert and then the pyramids
+ doesn't say in which order he wants to visit the pyramids and the desert

{Mr. Carter:
|type="()"}
- is in Egypt already
- is flying to Egypt
+ is going to Egypt

{'''My mother told me to choose between the ice cream and the chocolate to eat after lunch.'''<br>}

{The kid:
|type="()"}
- will eat a lot of dessert
+ will choose one of the two
- can't eat sweets

{The kid:
|type="()"}
- is eating sweet in the morning
- doesn't like chocolate
+ needs to finish lunch before

{The kid likes both desserts:
|type="()"}
- yes
- no
+ probably yes, because he needs to have a choice

{'''Mary always gets good grades. She needs to buy these books because she has to study for the next test.'''<br>}

{Mary:
|type="()"}
- doesn't like to study
+ is dedicated to her studies
- studies just enough to pass the tests

{The reason she needs the books is because:
|type="()"}
- she is afraid she will get a bad grade
- she has to study with her friends
+ there is a test she needs to study for

{How often does Mary ace her tests?
|type="()"}
- once in a while
- every now and then
+ every time she takes them

{'''They had many months to finish the project but they didn't dedicate themselves to it too much.'''<br>}

{They...
|type="()"}
- didn't work on the project because it was a very difficult one
+ worked on the project but not so much
- need more time to finish because there were some setbacks

{The deadline of the project was:
|type="()"}
+ long but they didn't organize themselves well
- too short
- fair but there were some unforeseen problems

{How many people were there in the project?
|type="()"}
- one
+ more than one
- at least a few

</quiz>

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Lesson:Essentials/40

2014-03-07T12:15:45Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

Hoje veremos os seguintes verbos irregulares:

{| class="prettytable"
! '''base form''' || '''simple past''' || '''past participle'''
|-
|dream || dreamt / dreamed || dreamt / dreamed
|-
|drink || drank || drunk
|-
|drive || drove || driven
|-
|eat || ate || eaten
|-
|fall || fell || fallen
|}

Vejamos agora alguns exemplos:

<div class="well well-ex">
*I dreamt about you last night.
**Sonhei com você na noite passada.
*She drank a lot of water after the game.
**Ela bebeu bastante água após o jogo.
*They drove for 5 hours.
**Eles dirigiram por 5 horas.
*We ate the most delicious cake at her birthday party.
**Comemos um bolo super delicioso na festa de aniversário dela.
*He fell and broke his leg.
**Ele caiu e quebrou a sua perna.
</div>

<span class="badge badge-info">Note!</span> O verbo '''dream''' geralmente vem com a preposição '''about'''. Isso é porque quem sonha, frequentemente, sonha '''com''' algo. Às vezes, em vez de '''about''', usamos a preposição '''of'''. A rigor, tanto faz usar uma preposição ou a outra, porém, alguns nativos fazem a distinção de usar '''dream of''' quando se está sonhando acordado, pensando em ou desejando algo, e '''dream about''' quando se sonha enquanto dorme.

<span class="label label-warning">Challenge</span> Na frase "We ate the most delicious cake at her birthday party." escolhemos traduzir '''the most delicious cake''' por '''um bolo super delicioso'''. Traduzindo literalmente ficaria "'''o bolo mais delicioso'''", porém, isto não funciona muito bem em português.

Explique na parte de comentários no final da lição a razão de traduzir a expressão da primeira forma. Aqui vai uma dica, tem algo a ver com a palavra '''hyperbole'''.

===EXERCISES===
<br>
====1. Fill the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in parenthesis:====

::a. She always _______ (dream) of being rich when she was a kid.
::b. The guests ________ (drink) all the soda last night.
::c. My father _______ (drive) his new car yesterday.
::b. My sister _______ (eat) all my chocolate!
::c. The kid _______ (fall) when he was trying to climb the sofa.
::d. I wasn't looking at you when you _______ (fall) off the seat.
::e. I was hungry, so I _______ (eat) everything.

====2. Give the past tense of the verbs below:====

* listen
* water
* dream
* drink
* fall
* burn
* clean
* watch
* bring
* build
* buy
* choose

====3. Write two sentences with each of the verbs we learned today.====

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|oDIP8Z4JJ0g}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| lot || odd
|-
| wash || knot
|-
| god || mob
|-
| watch || pot
|-
| clock || top
|}

==Vocabulary==
* To watch - watched
* To see - saw
* To listen -listened
* To work - worked
* Television
* Radio
* Stereo
* Monitor
* Keyboard
* Mouse
* Computer
* Control
* Video-game
* Energy
* Shelf
* Cellphone
* Plugs
* Cables
* Devices
* Player
* nowadays
* Modern
* old
* Years
<pre width=40%>
- What is on Tv?
- It's on the news
- It is working correctly
- It is broken.
- Electronic devices
- Dvd player
- Many years ago
</pre>

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:US Navy 090205-N-7862M-002 Sailors play video games at the newly-renovated Liberty Center at Naval Support Activity Bahrain.jpg|500px|US Navy 090205-N-7862M-002 Sailors play video games at the newly-renovated Liberty Center at Naval Support Activity Bahrain]]

::a. What are the people of this photo doing?
::b. What kind of games are they playing?
::c. What electronic devices are there in the picture?

[[File:RIAN archive 714106 The Borshagin's at home.jpg|500px|RIAN archive 714106 The Borshagin's at home]]

::a. What do you think is happening in the picture?
::b. Do you think that we still watch tv like in the picture nowadays?
::c. Describe the picture and the objects in it.

==Review==

1. Make sentences with the given uncountable words making them countable.Follow the example.
::'''Example''':
::'''a.Water'''
::'''Answer: I bought four bottles of water.'''

::b.chocolate
::c.sand
::d.butter
::e.sugar
::f.bread

2. Write a short paragraph about how eletronic devices are important to you nowadays.

3. make short sentences using the following verbs in the past tense:
:: '''dream, drink, drive, eat, fall'''

4. Change the sentences from affirmative to negative:

::a. She drove him to school last night.
::b. John drank a lot of water yesterday.
::c. Mike bought a lot of electronic devices yesterday.
::d. There was a good movie on tv yesterday.
::e. They ate a lot at my house yesterday.
::f. The baby fell down.
::g. My mom watched a play.
::h. She saw you.
5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Home cinema 01.jpg|500px|Home cinema 01]]

==Conversation==

# Do you like to use electronic devices? Which ones?
# What´s the best electronic invention in your point of view? Why?
# Do you think people are lazier because of these new inventions? Why?
# Give 5 examples of electronics that you have at home.
# Which electronic(s) do you use the most? What for?
# Is it possible to live without these electronic devices nowadays? Why (not)?
# Do you think we will become more and more dependent on these devices? Why?
# What is a good age for a person to own his/her first cell phone? Why?
# What kind of toys will the children of the future use?
# Are you picky about the kind of computer, cell phone, video games... you buy?

==Extra Vocab==

===Electronics===

* Television, TV, TV set
* Antenna
* Remote control
* Controls
* Button
* Record
* Stop
* Pause
* Play
* Rewind
* Fast forward
* Plug
* Cord
* Prong
* Outlet
* Extension cord
* Stereo
* Dial
* Speaker
* Radio
* Headphones
* Power cord
* Battery
* Microphone, mike
* Circuit braker
* Fuse
* Record player, phonograph
* CD
* Record
* Cassette, audio cassette

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/electronics/

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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/39

2014-03-07T12:14:52Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

Seguindo o nosso estudo das preposições de tempo, hoje veremos como utilizar as preposições at, at around, at about e between.

Estude os seguintes exemplos:

<div class="well" style="width: 60%;">
* I get up at 6 am.
** Acordo às 6 da manhã.
* I get up at around 6 am.
** Acordo em torno das 6 da manhã.
* I arrive home at about 10 pm.
** Chego em casa em torno das 10 da noite.
* You can call me between 3 and 5 pm.
** Você pode me ligar entre as 3 e as 5 da tarde.
</div>

Então temos:

::'''at''' - exatamente quando algo acontece
::'''at around''', '''at about''' - perto de qual horário algo acontece
::'''between''' - entra quais dois horários algo acontece

===EXERCISES===

1. Fill the sentences below with at, at around, at about or between:

::a. The game will start _______ 9pm. (not exactly)
::b. The supermarket closes _______ 10pm. (exactly)
::c. She needs to be there for the test _______ 7:30am. (exactly)
::b. They need to arrive _______ 4 and 5 am.
::c. If he doesn't show up here _______ noon, I'll leave. (not exactly)
::d. I think the movie is _______ 8pm. (exactly)
::e. Do you know _____ what time the game starts? (approximately).

2. Give 3 examples with each preposition below:

* at
* at around
* at about
* between

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|O_m0Gsc-ixw}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| strut || mud
|-
| love || blood
|-
| cut || gut
|-
| must || truck
|-
| shut || nut
|}

==Vocabulary==

* To harvest - harvested
* To plant - planted
* To feed - fed
* To live - lived
* Farm
* Fields
* Grass
* Cow
* Pig
* Pork
* Chicken
* Rooster
* Horse
* Bull
* Donkey
* Crops
* Road
* Mountains
* Hills
* High
* Fences
* Gates
* Wall
* Wire
* Barbed wire

<pre width=40%>
Important Sentences!
- To harvest crops
- She has a green thumb
- The farm is surrounded by high trees
- the farm is surrounded by a high fence
- The farm is surrounded by barbed wire
</pre>

=== Exercises ===

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Mennonite Farm.jpg|500px|Mennonite Farm]]

:: a. What surrounds the farm?
:: b. Does this look like a big farm or a small one?
:: c. Describe the picture.

[[File:Saskatchewan Farm Elevator.jpg|500px|Saskatchewan Farm Elevator]]

:: a. What are the people in the photo doing?
:: b. Describe the women's clothes.
:: c. What is in the picture?

==Review==

1. Fill the gaps using go to, going to, go for a, go …ing + the words in brackets.

:: a. Will she ________________ next year? (South Africa)
:: b. We don't _______________ when it is raining. (sail)
:: c. He will _____________ to relieve stress. (walk)
:: d. My cousin likes to _____________ to have lunch. (fast food restaurants)
:: e. My grandmother needs to ____________ immediately! (a hospital)
:: f. Kimmy likes to ___________ after school. (snack)
:: g. George is ___________________ next year. (Mexico)
:: h. Tina will ________________ in Asia. (mountain climb)
:: i. My brothers are ____________. (bike ride)
:: j. My sisters _____________ every weekend. (shop)

2. Write a short paragraph using the words below:

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="3"|Words
|-
| between || come || after
|-
| hotter || begin || buy
|}

3. Complete the text with the prepositions (before, after, until, at, at around at about, between):

:John: Hey Carl, what time is the soccer game tonight?
:Carl: I don´t know, I think it´s _______ 10pm. Let me check. Yep, it´s _______9:50pm _______ the soap opera. Where are you going to watch it?
:John: I have no idea. I wish I could watch this game but I´ll work ______ 10pm. Where are you going to watch it?
:Carl: Some friends and I are going to my neighbor´s house. Would you like to go there _______ your work?
:John: That would be great I think I can get there _______ second half. Where is his house?
:Carl: Good! I´s on my street _______ my house and the bakery.
:John: Ok, see you _______ 10:30pm. Bye!
:Carl: Bye.

4. Choose the right answer:

<quiz display=simple>
{What time is the show??:
|type="()"}
- It´s at around night.
+ It´s at 9:30pm.
- It´s between 8 o´clock.

{When do we get the results?:
|type="()"}
+ You´ll get it two days after the test.
- You can get it at the classroom.
- It´s until Friday.

{ What course did you begin last week?:
|type="()"}
- I beginned Culinary course.
+ I began my driving course.
- I didn´t began any course.

{ What do you prefer among: cake, pie and ice cream?:
|type="()"}
- Cake is better then ice cream and pie.
+ Ice cream is the best dessert.
- Pies are gooder.

</quiz>

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Bitterroot mountains parents farm.jpg|500px|Bitterroot mountains parents farm]]

==Conversation==

# Would you like to live on a farm? Why? Why not?
# What can you do when you go to a farm?
# Do you like to do outdoor activities? Which ones?
# Do you like to ride horses?
# What is so good about being on the field?
# What is bad about being on the field?
# Do you have any friends/relatives who live on a farm/ranch?
# If you lived on a farm would you plant a garden? If so, what would you plant?
# What is your favorite farm animal and why?
# Do you know how to use farm tools? Which ones?

==Extra Vocab==

===The Farm===

* Farmer
* Fields
* Greenhouse
* Barn
* Silo
* Pasture
* Scarecrow
* Plough
* Harness
* Orchard
* Stable
* Chicken coop
* Tractor
* Combine
* Scythe
* Basket
* Barrel
* Well
* Pulley
* Pump
* Windmill
* Cart
* Hay, hay stack
* Pitchfork
* Bale of hay

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/farm/

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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/38

2014-03-07T12:13:52Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

Hoje veremos como utilizar as preposições de tempo '''before''', '''after''' e '''until'''.

Traduzimos estas preposições como: '''antes''', '''depois''' e '''até'''.

Porque a palavra antes começa com a letra A e tem apenas cinco letras, muitos confundem e a associam por a preposição after, que também começa com a letra A e tem cinco letras. Para que isto não aconteça, devemos decorar as duas preposições sempre nesta sequência: '''before''', '''after'''. Before vem antes. After vem depois.

Estude os seguintes exemplos:

<div class="well" style="width: 60%;">
* She needs to finish her homework before going to the party.
** Ela precisa terminar seus deveres de casa antes de ir à festa.
* I will call you after I arrive home.
** Te ligo depois de chegar em casa.
* I will study until 7 o'clock.
** Estudarei até as 7 horas.
</div>

É comum algumas pessoas confundirem a preposição '''after''' com a palavra '''later'''.
<br>
Por exemplo, a seguinte frase:

'''Eu vou para a casa depois.'''

é frequentemente traduzida assim:

'''I will go home after.'''

Mas esta tradução está errada, pois o que queremos dizer é que vamos para a casa mais tarde.

Então, deveríamos ter dito:

'''I will go home later.'''

'''Late''' significa '''tarde''', no comparativo '''later''' significa '''mais tarde'''.

===EXERCISES===

====1. Use before, after or until in the sentences below:====

::a. She came here _______ class. (depois)
::b. Tonight, I have to work _______ 10pm. (até)
::c. Don't forget to call me _______ the game. (antes)
::b. He wants to exercise _______ the end of the day. (até)
::c. They need to study a lot _______ the test. (antes)
::d. I'll talk to you _______ the movie. (depois)
::e. Robert never talks to anyone _______ the presentation. (antes)

====2. Give 3 examples with each preposition below:====

* before
* after
* until

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|mCWUCxt_Nec}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| foot || put
|-
| good || broom
|-
| book || look
|-
| took || groom
|-
| bully || full
|}

==Vocabulary==
* To fly - Flew
* To land - Landed
* to Launch - Launched
* To breathe - breathed
* To float - floated
* Planet
* Pilot
* Helmet
* Oxygen
* Breath
* Astronaut
* Spaceship
* Enigne
* Ladder
* Animal
* Plants
* Life
* Death
* Dead
* Intelligent
* Sun
* Moon
* Stars
* Mars
* Venus
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Jupiter
* Mercury
* Neptune
* Earth
* Gravity

<pre width=40%>
Important Sentences!
- There is intelligent life on this planet
- My clothes are in the sun.
- Men can't walk on the sun.
- We can't breathe without oxygen.
- Take a deep breath.
</pre>

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Astronaut-in-space.jpg|500px|Astronaut-in-space]]

:: a. What do you see in the picture?
:: b. Are you afraid of the space?
:: c. Would you like to be in the astronaut's place?

[[File:Mary Roach in Zero Gravity.jpg|500px|Mary Roach in Zero Gravity]]

:: a. What are these people doing?
:: b. What do you thinks it's happening?
:: c. Describe the picture, what are people doing and what objects do you see?

==Review==

1. Translate the sentences to English:

::a. Faça o seu dever de casa!
::b. Me ligue hoje a noite.
::c. Venha para o trabalho cedo amanhã.
::b. Abra a porta por favor.
::c. Dê o presente a ela.
::d. Compre pão depois do trabalho.
::e. Não ande até o final da rua.

2. Complete the sentences with the words in parenthesis:

::a. The moon is (solar system)
::b. I saw a comet (vacation)
::c. He (space ship)
::b. The astrounaut (after)
::c. My telescope (his brother)
::d. I (alien)
::e. He wants (robot)

3. Tell three things you did BEFORE class, you´ll do AFTER class and you´ll do UNTIL the end of the week.

4. Change the sentences from affirmative to negative:

::a. He wants to go home before the rain.
::b. They came here to visit us.
::c. Did you build a new house?
::b. The maid burned the food.
::c. She needs to choose a dress.
::d. Are you breaking the box.
::e. Steve is richer than Kyle.

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Galaxie peinture.jpg|500px|Galaxie peinture]]

=Conversation=

# Are you curious about our space/galaxy?
# Do you like to observe the stars/moon sometimes?
# Would you like to know a spaceship?
# Would you travel to the moon? Why?
# What´s your biggest curiosity about the galaxy?
# Do you have a telescope? Would like to have one?
# Why are the satelites important?
# Do you think robots will take place on the Earth?
# Do you believe in aliens?
# If so, do you think the visit our plabnet?

==Extra Vocab==

===Space===

* Galaxy
* Sun
* Star
* Planet
* Solar system
* Orbit
* Asteroid belt
* Asteroid
* Comet
* Space station
* Space ship
* Rocket
* Astronaut
* Earth
* The moon
* Crater
* Alien
* Human, earthling
* Robot
* Observatory
* Telescope
* Satellite
* Satellite dish

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/space/

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** Lesson:Essentials/31|Lesson 31
** Lesson:Essentials/32|Lesson 32
** Lesson:Essentials/33|Lesson 33
** Lesson:Essentials/34|Lesson 34
** Lesson:Essentials/35|Lesson 35
** Lesson:Essentials/36|Lesson 36
** Lesson:Essentials/37|Lesson 37
** Lesson:Essentials/38|Lesson 38
** Lesson:Essentials/39|Lesson 39
** Lesson:Essentials/40|Lesson 40
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/37

2014-03-07T12:13:07Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

Continuemos nosso estudo dos verbos irregulares.

{| class="prettytable"
! '''base form''' || '''simple past''' || '''past participle'''
|-
|come || came || come
|-
|cost || cost || cost
|-
|cut || cut|| cut
|-
|do || did || done
|-
|draw || drew || drawn
|}

Vejamos agora alguns exemplos:

{| class="prettytable"
| She came home late last night. || Ela veio para a casa tarde a noite passada.
|-
| The campaign cost us a fortune. || A campanha nos custou uma fortuna.
|-
| I cut my finger while cooking. || Cortei meu dedo enquanto cozinhava.
|-
| They did their homework in the morning. || Eles fizeram seus deveres de casa de manhã.
|-
| He drew a map of the city for me. || Ele desenhou um mapa da cidade para mim.
|}

===EXERCISES===

1. Change the sentences to affirmative:

:: a. He didn't come here last week.
:: b. Did your sister draw her picture very well?
:: c. I didn't do all my exercises.
:: d. Did they cut the paper?
:: e. They didn't come here because they don't have anything to do.
:: f. Did he bring a coat?
:: g. We didn't draw anything on that book.

2. Make sentences using the words below (you can use the past tense of the verbs):

:: a. come / yesterday
:: b. cut / last month
:: c. do / three days ago
:: d. draw / on my last vacation
:: e. bring / in 2005
:: f. buy / before this class
:: g. wash / last summer
:: h. visit / in October

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|ey454FdtVvM}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| kit || bid
|-
| hymn || minute
|-
| hit || lip
|-
| sick || will
|-
| sit || knit
|}

==Vocabulary==

===School===

* To study - studied
* To write- wrote
* To cut - cut
* To tell - told
* Student
* School
* Elementary
* High school
* College
* Student
* School supplies
* Teacher
* Professor
* Matter
* Grades
* Subjects
* Math
* Geography
* Math
* Biology

==Review==

1. Translate the sentences to English:

::a.Ela fez o exercício facilmente.
::b.Ele falou com ela grosseiramente
::c.Por favor, faça isso com segurança.
::d.Ela arruma o quarto dela organizadamente?
::e.O professor falou com Marcy calmamente.
::f.Ele dirige rapidamente.

2. Make 6 sentences using the Adverbs of manner in the past tense

3. Make 3 sentences (an affirmative one, an interrogative one and a negative one) using each one of these Irregular Verbs:

4. Complete the story

Mary and John are 12 years old, they ________ at an elementary school, they ____ twins,Mary _______ geography but Jhon doesn't like geography.
Yesterday they ___________ math, Mary was really ___________ at it, but Jhon got a bad grade.
Mary's grades are ____________ than jhon's.

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Канцелярские товары Erich Krause.JPG|500px|Канцелярские товары Erich Krause]]

==Conversation==

# Where did you study when you were a child?
# Do you still have any friends from elementary school?
# Do you remember the name of your first teacher?
# What is/was your favorite subject at school?
# Do you prefer to study in groups or alone? Why?
# Do you like to speak in public?
# How do you feel when you have to present a paper in front of the class?
# Were you careful with your school supplies?
# Which school supplies do you use until today?
# Do you have a diploma? If so, what is it of?

==Extra Vocab==

===School===

* Teacher
* Chalkboard
* Chalk
* Eraser
* Student
* Student´s desk
* Book
* Book bag
* Backpack
* Lockers
* School supplies
* Pencil
* Mechanical pencil
* Pen
* Eraser
* Ink
* Ink bottle
* Pencil sharpener
* Globe
* Checkmark
* Glue
* Scissors
* Ruler
* Highlighter
* Marker
* Crayons
* Piece of paper, sheet of paper
* Diploma
* Spiral notebook
* Folder
* Binder
* Note pad

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/school/

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Lesson:Essentials/36

2014-03-07T12:12:13Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

Continuemos nosso estudo dos verbos irregulares.

{| class="prettytable"
! '''base form''' || '''simple past''' || '''past participle'''
|-
|bring || brought || brought
|-
|build || built || built
|-
|burn || burnt/burned || burnt/burned
|-
|buy || bought || bought
|-
|choose || chose || chosen
|}

Vejamos agora alguns exemplos:

{| class="prettytable"
| They brought a lot of gifts from the United States. || Eles trouxeram vários presentes dos Estados Unidos.
|-
| We built our house in 6 months. || Nós construímos nossa casa em 6 meses.
|-
| I burnt the rice again. || Queimei o arroz outra vez.
|-
| She bought a kite for her son. || Ela comprou uma pipa para o seu filho.
|-
| They chose to stay at home. || Eles escolheram ficar em casa.
|}

===EXERCISES===

Simple Past (Irregular Verbs: bring, build, burn, buy, choose)

=Pronunciation=

{{youtube|q1W1Csen0n8}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| nurse || refer
|-
| stir || skirt
|-
| learn || her
|-
| fur || prefer
|-
| blur || first
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Tools===

* To fix - fixed
* To screw - screwed
* To paint - painted
* To hammer - hammered
* To sand - sanded
* To weld - welded
* Sandpaper
* Hammer
* Screw
* Screwdriver
* Wrench
* Wall
* Wood
* Plank
* Engine
* Metal
* Sheet
* Plate
* Gold
* Silver
* Trombone
* Blowtorch
* Bar
* Iron
* Steel

<pre width=40%>
Important Sentences!
- He fixed the Tv
- It's fixed
- It's broken
</pre>

=== Exercises ===

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Hammering Nails.jpg|500px|Hammering Nails]]

:: a. What is he using?
:: b. Describe the picture.
:: c. Do you know how to do this?

[[File:Hombre Soldando.jpg|500px|Hombre Soldando]]

:: a. What is the photo showing?
:: b. What is he using?
:: c. Describe the man's clothes and the objects around him.

==Review==

1. Use the possessive and make sentences using the words given,follow the example:
::'''Example: Car | jane'''
::'''Possible answer: I like jane's new car'''

::a.Boys | toys
::b.Women | clothes
::c.Marco | chores
::b.Lisa | friend
::c.Marcelo | Website
::d.Cielo | skill
::e.Cynthia | Hammer

2. Answer the questions according to the text:
::
::'''My name is Mark. My father is a really talented man, there is nothing he doesn't know how to fix. Last week he fixed our TV just using his tools. He really likes to weld things. Last year he welded a lot of iron bars together to build a cage for our bird.
'''
::a.What does Mark's father like to do?

::b.What does Mark's father know how to fix?

::c.When he welded the iron bars together, what did he make and why?

::

3. Make 3 different sentences using past tense and its interrogative, affirmative and negative form for each of the following verbs:

::a.To bring
::b.To build
::c.To buy
::d.To fix

4. Using the verbs '''fix, hammer, sand and weld''' write a short paragraph:

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:1327664853 u-125-ris.2.jpg|500px|1327664853 u-125-ris.2]]

==Conversation==

# Do you have many tools at home? Do you use them?
# Do you agree that tools are men´s thing? Why?
# Do you think tools are dangerous objects? Why?
# Is it easier for men to handle tools? Why?
# Which tool do you know how to use?
# What can you use a drill for?
# Do you like to build/fix things? If so, what?
# What is the most difficult thing when using a tool?
# What´s the most essential tool that everybody needs to have at home? Why?
# Do you have a tape measure at home? Do you use it frequently?

==Extra Vocab==
===Tools===

* Hammer
* Handle
* Nail
* Screwdriver
* Screw
* Pliers
* Drill
* Drill bit
* Wrench
* Bolt
* Nut
* Washer
* Monkey wrench
* Saw
* Blade
* Chain saw
* Tool box
* File
* Chisel
* Mallet
* Pick
* Anvil
* Spring
* Vise
* Level
* Tape measure

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/tools/

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Lesson:Essentials/35

2014-03-07T12:10:40Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

===Superlative Adjectives===

Na [[Lesson:Essentials/32 | lição 32]] aprendemos a usar '''comparative adjectives'''. Neste, veremos superlative adjectives, que, em vez de comprar uma coisa com a outra, compara algo ou alguém com com grupo.

Ex.: She is the tallest girl in her class. -> Ela é a menina mais alta da sua sala.

Assim como os comparativos, os superlativos também se separam em duas categorias: '''short''' e '''long'''.

===Short===

Consideramos adjetivos curtos:

*Aqueles com apenas uma sílaba: '''big, old, small, fast, etc.'''
*Aqueles com duas sílabas terminados em y: '''happy, silly, pretty, etc.'''
<br>
Regras:

1. Normalmente adicionamos '''the -est'''.

{{Example|
*She is '''the''' old'''est''' in her family.
**Ela é a mais velha da sua família.
}}

2. Se o adjetivo terminar em '''e''' apenas adicionamos -'''st'''. (nice -> nicest)

{{Example|
*Alexandra gave me the nicest gift.
**Alexandra me deu o presente mais legal.
}}

3. Se o adjetivo terminar em cvc (consoante + vogal + consoante), dobramos a última consoante. (big -> biggest)

{{Example|
*My house is the biggest on the street.
**A minha casa é a maior da rua.
}}

4. Se o adjetivo terminar em '''y''', tiramos o '''y''' e acrescentamos -'''iest'''. (happy -> happiest)

{{Example|
*Today was the happiest day of my life.
**Hoje foi o dia mais feliz da minha vida.
}}

===Long===

Consideramos adjetivos longos:

*Aqueles com duas sílabas não terminados em y: '''modern, pleasant, etc'''
*Aqueles com três sílabas ou mais: '''expensive, beautiful, etc'''

Regras:

Para adjetivos longos temos apenas uma regra: acrescentamos '''the most''' antes do adjetivo.

{{Example|
*I want my website to be the most modern.
**Eu quero que o meu site seja o mais moderno. (de todos)
*This computer is the most expensive in the store.
**Este computador é o mais caro da loja.
}}

===Irregular adjectives===

Alguns adjetivos são irregulares e não seguem as regras acima. Neste caso, precisamos decorar as suas formas irregulares.

{| class="prettytable"
| good → the best
|-
| well (healthy) → the best
|-
| bad → worst
|-
| far → farthest/furthest
|}

{{Example|
*This cellphone is the best there is.
**Este celular é o melhor que existe.
}}

===EXERCISES===

<quiz display=simple>

{Give the correct comparative or superlative of superiority of the adjectives in parentheses.
|type="{}"}
a. This room is { the darkest _11 } in the house. (dark)
b. Is this { the busiest _11 } street in the city? (busy)
c. This is { the smallest _12 } box I could find. (small)
d. Who is { the best _8 } football player in Brazil right now? (good)
e. Janet is { the most beautiful _18 } person in her family. (beautiful)
f. I want { the best _8 } pair of shoes you have in this store. (good)
g. The Amazon is { the widest _10 } river in the world, but not { the longest _11 }. (wide / long)
h. I think today is { the hottest _11 } day in the year. (hot)
i. The Atacama Desert is { the driest _10 } in the world.(dry)
j. Shirley was { the happiest _12 } girl in the world when she opened the present. (happy)
k. She is definitely { the most intelligent _20 } person I know. (intelligent)
l. Athens is { the most amazing _16 } city I know. (amazing)

</quiz>

2. Give 6 examples of superlative adjectives, 3 short and 3 long adjectives.

=Pronunciation=

{{youtube|Z51j6UeLhwg}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| law || thought
|-
| war || north
|-
| dwarf || claw
|-
| saw || draw
|-
| drawn || brought
|}

==Vocabulary==
===Music===

* To play -played
* To learn - learned
* To sing - sang
* To listen - listened
* Singer
* Song
* Musician
* Chorus
* Guitar
* Guitarrist
* Drum
* Drummer
* Bass
* Bassist
* Band
* Orchestra
* Trumpet
* Saxophone
* Tuba
* Trombone
* Flute
* Clarinet
* Conductor
* Microphone
* Genre

<pre width=40%>
Important Sentences!
- To play the guitar
- To play the drums
- To sing along
- To listen to music / listen to this band
- humming
</pre>

=== Exercises ===

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Utada Hikaru.jpg|500px|Utada Hikaru]]

:: a. Do you think she is a singer? Why?
:: b. Describe her clothes.
:: c. Do you think that she is singing a happy song or a sad song?

[[File:Foster the People at SXSW 2011.jpg|500px|Foster the People at SXSW 2011]]

:: a. What is the photo showing?
:: b. What instruments are they playing?
:: c. What music genre do you think they are playing?

==Review==

1. Put some, any, no in the sentences below:

:: a. I don’t have ________ time to help you.
:: b. There are ________ apples on the tree.
:: c. Please don’t make ________ noise.
:: d. I never have ________ trouble with the children.
:: e. I asked him for ________ money, but he didn’t have ________.
:: f. She loves ________ book she reads.
:: g. Would you like ________ tea?
:: h. He never gives me ________ money.
:: i. Ask him if he has ________ cigarettes.
:: j. Do you have ________ questions?
:: k. Please, give me ________ more coffee.
:: l. He has hardly ________ books to lend his friends.
:: m. Will you get ________ flowers on your way home, please?

2. Complete the sentences below:

:: a. The hardest...

:: b. It´s easier...

:: c. The most difficult...

:: d. What´s the most...

:: e. This house is bigger than...

:: f. Hot dog is better than...

3. Compare these three pictures using the adjectives below:

::1.[[File:Old car.jpg|200px|Old car]]
::2.[[File:Modern small car.jpg|200px|Modern small car]]
::3.[[File:Morris Marina 1300 Wien.jpg|200px|Morris Marina 1300 Wien]]

*old
*big
*modern
*small
*new
*expensive
*cheap

4. Choose the right answer:

<quiz display=simple>
{Did she watch the movie last night?:
|type="()"}
+ Yes, she watched it with her friend.
- Yes, she watches every day.
- No, she doesn´t have time.

{Who is your favorite actor?:
|type="()"}
- Nicolas Cage is the better.
+ George Clooney is the best.
- Mel Gibson is very good.

{ What happened?:
|type="()"}
- The clock stoped working.
+ The clock stopped working.
- The clock isn´t stop.

{ What do you need?:
|type="()"}
- I need anything paper.
+ I need some papers.
- I don´t need some papers.

</quiz>

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Wolverine orchestra 1924.jpg|500px|Wolverine orchestra 1924]]

==Conversation==

# Do you know how to play any musical instrument? Which one?
# Do you like to listen to music? When?
# Do you agree that music relaxes the body and mind in many ways? Why?
# When you study/work, does the music help you or not? Why?
# Is there any musical instrument you would like to know how to play but you don´t? Which one?
# Can you sing well?
# What is/are your favorite band(s)?
# Do you like going to concerts?
# When was the last concert you went to? How was it?
# How difficult/easy do you think it is to learn how to play an instrument?

==Extra Vocab==

===Music===

* Guitar
* String
* Fret
* Drum
* Drum stick
* Electric guitar
* Cymbal
* Tambourine
* Harp
* Band
* Lead guitarrist
* Singer
* Drummer
* Rhythm guitarrist
* Piano
* Keys
* Keyboard
* Trumpet
* Music Score
* Note
* Music stand
* Orchestre
* Violin
* Bow
* Conductor
* Baton
* Saxophone
* Flute
* Trombone
* Tuba
* Clarinet
* Cello

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/music/

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Lesson:Essentials/34

2014-03-07T12:01:33Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

Hoje começaremos a aprender alguns verbos irregulares no passado. Nas tabelas desta lição em diante você verá os verbos distribuídos em três colunas: '''base form''', '''simple past''' e '''past participle'''.

Base form: é como o verbo fica quando não está conjugado.
Simple past: verbo conjugado no simple past.
Past participle: particípio dos verbos (não entraremos neste assunto por hora, mas é bom já aprender a forma).

{| class="prettytable"
! '''base form''' || '''simple past''' || '''past participle'''
|-
|be || was / were || been
|-
|become || became || become
|-
|begin || began || begun
|-
|bite || bit || bitten
|-
|break || broke || broken
|}

O verbo '''to be''' é peculiar pois varia de acordo com a pessoa que conjuga o verbo.

Então temos:

:I was
:You were
:He was
:She was
:It was
:We were
:You were
:They were

Vejamos agora alguns exemplos:

{{Example|
*I was at the mall last night.
**Eu estava no shopping ontem à noite.
*She became a famous painter in New York.
**Ela tornou-se uma pintora famosa em Nova Iorque.
*They began building the house in the summer.
**Eles começaram a construir a casa no verão.
*Snow White bit the apple and fell asleep instantly.
**Branca de Neve mordeu a maçã e caiu no sono instantaneamente.
*He broke his foot playing soccer.
**Ele quebrou o pé jogando futebol.
}}

===EXERCISES===

1. Passe as frases de exemplo acima para a forma negativa e interrogativa.

2. Faça frases com o verbo to be no passado nas formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa:

#I -
#You -
#He -
#She -
#It -
#We -
#You -
#They -

3. Passe as frases para o afirmativo, negativo e interrogativo no passado:

#She will be at school tomorrow. (this morning)
#This kid will become a good player.
#The class begins at 8 a.m.
#He will bite your sandwich without your permission.
#This window breaks all the time. (last night)

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|1g-WqzL3LUc}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| father || heart
|-
| start || card
|-
| hard || dart
|-
| guard || smart
|-
| art || chart
|}

==Vocabulary==

* To become - became
* To put - put
* To begin - began
* To be - was
* To paint - painted
* Beauty
* Make-up
* Lipstick
* Lotion
* Freckles
* Wrinkles
* Beauty cream
* Perfume
* Conditioner
* Product
* Ugly
* Beautiful
* Pretty
* Handsome

<pre width=40%>
Important Sentences!
- Put make up on / lipstick
- She has make up on / lipstick
- He is handsome
- She wears perfume
- Face painting
</pre>

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions. The teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

::[[File:Melissa Hoyer (7127337237).jpg|300px|Melissa Hoyer (7127337237)]]

#Is she wearing make up?
#Does she have lipstick on?
#Is she pretty?

::[[File:Face of blonde girl.jpg|500px|Face of blonde girl]]

#Does she have make up on?
#Is she beautiful?
#Does she have freckles?

==Review==

1. Complete with some or any:

#He offered me _________ coffee.
#There aren't ____________ good books here.
#I brought you ____________ aspirins.
#Do you have ____________ ideas?
#There aren’t ____________ good seats in this theater.
#He gave us _____________ old stuff.
#Are there ____________ doctors in the audience.
#I didn't buy _____________ stamps.
#There are __________ good shows in New York.
#Did you invite __________ girls to the party?

2. Put the verbs in the past in the sentences below:

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Verbs
|-
| want || pass
|-
| cook || clean
|-
| help || offer
|-
| play || discover
|-
| turn || correct
|}

#He always __________ his exams when he was young.
#I _________________ my room before going to school.
#They _____________ the piano very well some years ago.
#The teacher _____________ our tests last night.
#Columbus ______________ America in 1492.
#Tom ______________ to go to the movies alone.
#Susan _______________ me a piece of chocolate cake.
#We _______________ him with his exercises.
#Their mother ______________ black beans yesterday.
#I _______________ the TV off because it was very late.

3. Give the right form of the verbs in the past and after one example with each verb.

#be
#begin
#become
#break

4. Choose the right answer:

<quiz display=simple>
{Were you at home last night?:
|type="()"}
- No, I goed to the movies.
+ Yes, I was there with my family.
- Yes, I needed the book.

{Did you begin the English classes?:
|type="()"}
+ Yes, I began last semester.
- Yes, I begined last week.
- No, I didn´t have time to start.

{ When did he become a responsible man?:
|type="()"}
+ He became one when he started to live alone.
- He never becomed a responsible man.
- He becamed when he graduated.

{ What did the baby break?:
|type="()"}
- The baby breaked the vase.
+ The baby broke the toy.
- The baby didn´t broke anything.

</quiz>

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Toothpasteonbrush.jpg|500px|Toothpasteonbrush]]

==Conversation==

# How often do you take a shower?
# How do you like your shower? Very hot? Cold?
# Do you usually take showers at night or in the morning?
# Do you wear perfume/cologne every day?
# What do you use to wash your face?
# What do you use for acne/pimple treatment? Does it work well?
# Do you have a favorite toothpaste?
# What kind of toothbrush do you use?
# How often do you floss?
# List the things you do to get ready for bed.

==Extra Vocab==

===The Bathroom II===

* Hairbrush
* Comb
* Mirror
* Powder
* Make up
* Lipstick
* Nail polish
* Eye liner
* Mascara
* Blow dryer
* Hairspray
* Toothbrush
* Toothpaste
* Tube
* Cap
* Floss
* Perfume
* Deodorant
* Razor
* Razor blade
* Shaving cream
* Tweezers
* Nail clippers
* Q-tip, cotton swab
* Medicine cabinet

<br>http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/bathroom2/

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* Tier 4
** Lesson:Essentials/31|Lesson 31
** Lesson:Essentials/32|Lesson 32
** Lesson:Essentials/33|Lesson 33
** Lesson:Essentials/34|Lesson 34
** Lesson:Essentials/35|Lesson 35
** Lesson:Essentials/36|Lesson 36
** Lesson:Essentials/37|Lesson 37
** Lesson:Essentials/38|Lesson 38
** Lesson:Essentials/39|Lesson 39
** Lesson:Essentials/40|Lesson 40
</sidebar>
[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/33

2014-03-07T11:59:38Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{#widget:SlideShare
|doc=cvc-131118053824-phpapp02
|width=599
|height=487
|norelated
}}

===EXERCISES===

1. Complete with the Simple Past Tense of the verbs in parentheses.

#The fire _______________ (occur) while we were out of the house.
#He _____________ (love) his old dog very much.
#A tornado ___________ (destroy) the whole village last week.
#Our company ________ (develop) a new communication system.
#We ____________ (dance) a lot last night.
#They ____________ (decide) not to go to the zoo.
#She was cleaning the vase when she __________ (drop) it.
#John __________ (stop) at the corner and _______ (call) us.
#I _______________ (talk) to her for a few minutes only.

2. Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Don´t forget to use the verb in the right tense:

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Verbs
|-
| stop || occur
|-
| show || drop
|-
| admit || scrub
|-
| visit || permit
|-
| borrow || remember
|}

#He _______ me many interesting books during the conversation.
#The lady _______ the floor until it was very clean.
#The doorman _______ the guy to enter for five minutes only.
#I _______ the car at a traffic light yesterday.
#They _______ their relatives last Christmas.
#The accident _______ last night.
#She _______ the bag when she was getting out of the car.
#You _______ this pen from the teacher last class.
#The last contract _______ of no other interpretation.
#He _______ when he was young.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|BufPelrZ7io}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| goose || group
|-
| two || troop
|-
| blue || loop
|-
| do || food
|-
| too || moon
|}

==Vocabulary==

* To bathe
* To shower
* To rinse
* To wash
* To brush
* Toilet
* Trash bin
* Wet
* Toilet paper / Toilet tissue
* Shampoo
* Conditioner
* Toothbrush
* Toothpaste
* Dental floss
* Bathtub
* Shower

<pre width=40%>
Important Sentences!
- To take a bath
- To take a shower
</pre>

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Ban-Bathroom-Nus.JPG|500px|Ban-Bathroom-Nus]]

#In your opinion, is this a big or a small bathroom?
#Are there any shower products? Give three examples.
#In your opinion, is this a comfortable bathroom? Why?

[[File:Opočno castle in 2009 23.JPG|500px|Opočno castle in 2009 23]]

#In your opinion, is this a new or old bathroom?
#Give three examples of bathroom furniture that you see in the photo.
#In your opinion, is this a comfortable bathroom? Why?

==Review==

1. Write 5 sentences expressing things that you would like to do until the end of this year.

2. Translate these sentences into English.

::a.Eu gostaria de um copo d'água.

::b.Ela correria para o restaurante.

::c.John não falaria com ela.

::d.Carlo faria isso?

::e.Eles iriam com a gente.

::f.Meu pai não lavaria as roupas.

::g.Você perguntaria para o professor?

3. Change the sentences into the affirmative form:

#Did you slap her face?
#They didn´t stop the music.
#Charles didn´t visit his family last year.
#Chris didn´t want to travel last summer.
#The restaurant didn´t deliver the pizza on time.
#Did she deposit the money?
#The heavy rain didn´t destroy the garden.
#It didn´t snow a lot this winter.
#Did he discover a new method?
#He didn´t enjoy the party.

4. Ask questions for the answers below:

#I need shampoo and conditioner from the supermarket.
#I washed my car yesterday.
#The floor is wet.
#You have to take a shower at 7pm.
#She brushes her teeth three times a day.
#The dentist tells me to use dental floss every day.

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:FRA LH Lounge First.jpg|500px|FRA LH Lounge First]]

==Conversation==

# What´s the difference between bathroom and restroom?
# Do you have a bathtube in your bathroom? If not, would you like to have one?
# What do you think about having a scale in the bathroom?
# Do you use whatever kind of soap to take a shower or you use special ones?
# What do you prefer electric shower or gas heated shower? Why?
# What color of towel is your favorite? Why?
# What products are the most necessary in a bathroom? Why?
# Do you prefer tissues or handkerchieves? Why?
# Is liquid soap better than soap in bars?

==Extra Vocab==

===The Bathroom===

* Bathtub
* Shower
* Shower head
* Suds
* Soap
* Bubble
* Sink
* Drain
* Faucet
* Dip
* Toilet, Potty (kids)
* Toilet paper
* Toilet brush
* Kleenex, tissues
* Plunger
* Towel
* Towel rack
* Tile
* Scale

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/bathroom/

<br>
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* Tier 4
** Lesson:Essentials/31|Lesson 31
** Lesson:Essentials/32|Lesson 32
** Lesson:Essentials/33|Lesson 33
** Lesson:Essentials/34|Lesson 34
** Lesson:Essentials/35|Lesson 35
** Lesson:Essentials/36|Lesson 36
** Lesson:Essentials/37|Lesson 37
** Lesson:Essentials/38|Lesson 38
** Lesson:Essentials/39|Lesson 39
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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/32

2014-03-07T11:57:24Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Comparative Adjectives===

No nosso dia a dia, frequentemente comparamos uma coisa com a outra; dizemos que este é melhor que aquele, que um tal produto é mais barato que o outro.

Note que a palavra melhor é um adjetivo que nos permite comparar as coisas. Por isso, hoje vamos ver como usamos em inglês estes '''comparative adjectives'''.

Separamos eles em duas categorias: '''short''' e '''long'''.

===Short===

Consideramos adjetivos curtos:

*Aqueles com apenas uma sílaba: '''big, old, small, fast, etc.'''
*Aqueles com duas sílabas terminados em y: '''happy, silly, pretty, etc.'''

Regras:

1. Normalmente adicionamos '''-er'''.

Ex.: She is older than her sister. -> Ela é mais velha que a sua irmã.

2. Se o adjetivo terminar em '''e''' apenas adicionamos -'''r'''. (late -> later)

Ex.: I'll talk to you later. -> Falarei com você mais tarde.

3. Se o adjetivo terminar em cvc (consoante + vogal + consoante), dobramos a última consoante. (big -> bigger)

Ex.: My new house is bigger than the old one. -> Minha casa nova é maior do que a antiga.

4. Se o adjetivo terminar em '''y''', tiramos o '''y''' e acrescentamos -'''ier'''. (happy -> happier)

Ex.: I am happier now that I am on vacations. -> Estou mais feliz agora que estou de férias.

===Long===

Consideramos adjetivos longos:

*Aqueles com duas sílabas não terminados em y: '''modern, pleasant, etc'''
*Aqueles com três sílabas ou mais: '''expensive, beautiful, etc'''

Regras:

Para adjetivos longos temos apenas uma regra: acrescentamos '''more''' antes do adjetivo.

Ex.: I want my website to look more modern. -> Eu quero que meu site tenha uma aparência mais moderna.
:::: This computer is much more expensive than that one. -> Este computador é muito mais caro que aquele.

===Irregular adjectives===

Alguns adjetivos são irregulares e não seguem as regras acima. Neste caso, precisamos decorar as suas formas irregulares.

{| class="prettytable"
! span=3 | Adjective || || Comparative
|-
| good ||→|| better
|-
| well (healthy) ||→||better
|-
| bad ||→||worse
|-
| far ||→||farther/further
|}

Ex.: This cellphone is better than the other.

===than===

Com frequência precisamos usar a palavra than na frase significando "do que".

Ex.: Today you are slower '''than''' yesterday. -> Hoje você está mais lenta '''do que''' ontem.

===Exercises===

Fill in the blanks using the words in brackets.

<quiz display=simple>
{
|type="{}"}
a. She is { smarter _7 } than him. (smart)
b. John is { stronger _8 } than Carlo. (strong)
c. Carlo's pen is { better _6 } than hers. (good)
d. Lucca is { older _5 } than her. (old)
e. The Persian cat is { prettier _8} than Maria's dog. (pretty)
f. Are Michael's books { more interesting _16 } than those magazines? (interesting)
g. Is Callie { more intelligent _16 } than Marco? (intelligent)
</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|UUuj0XkRqUM}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| sea || machine
|-
| cheap || fleece
|-
| he's || teach
|-
| peach || sheep
|-
| feet || feed
|}

==Vocabulary==

===My room===

* To rest - rested
* To snore - snored
* To fold - folded
* To like - liked
* Room
* Bedroom
* Desk
* Blanket
* Bookcase
* Mattress
* Wardrobe
* Drawer
* Dresser
* Curtains
* Rug
* Carpet
* Paintings
* Pictures
* Picture frame

<pre width=40%>
Important expressions!
- Bed linen
- Do you need some rest?
- Single size bed
- Double size bed
- Queen size bed
- King size bed
</pre>

=== Exercises ===

1) Look at the photos and answer the questions, the teacher may ask you to write down your answers or to answer orally:

[[File:Bedroom Mitcham.jpg|500px|Bedroom Mitcham]]

#In your opinion is this a single or a couple's room?
#How many chairs are there in the bedroom?
#In your opinion, is this a comfortable room? Why?

[[File:Red bedroom.jpg|500px|Red bedroom]]

#How many pictures are there in this bedroom?
#In your opinion, this is a woman's or man's bedroom?
#In your opinion, is this a comfortable room? Why?

==Review==

1.Answer the frequency questions below:
How often do you..
#do exercises?
#cook?
#go to the movies?
#listen to classic music?
#clean your house?
#study English?
#do charity?
#travel?
#play video-games?
#go shopping?

2. Change the sentences to the interrogative / negative / affirmative.

#Those blankets are dirty.
#Are these towels clean?
#Don't put those curtains in the washing machine.
#Will you do the laundry tomorrow?
#I said I did the sweep on the desk.
#Please, don't use the mop on the carpet.

3. Complete the sentences with the correct form (comparative of superiority) of the adjectives in parenthesis.

#Their group is _________ (big) than ours.
#My car isn't ________ (clean) than yours.
#I'm __________ (efficient) than she is.
#It is _________ (sunny) than yesterday.
#She is _________ (beautiful) than the other girl.
#That team's athletes will be ___________ (good) than the other team's. They are training very hard.
#My surgery isn't ___________ (recent) than yours.
#This English book is __________ (complete) than the previous one.

4. Complete the text using the correct form of the comparative adjectives in brackets.

This is Sheila, Sheila lives with John, they are roommates.
Sheila's room is _______________ (clean) than John's room, but John is a ______________ (good) cook than Sheila, they are good friends.
Sheila studies at the public college and John studies at the local college, Sheila studied _______________ (hard) John to pass the entry exams.
John likes to run every morning, Sheila likes to sleep until late, John is ______________ (athletic) Sheila.
Today they will go out together to buy some ice-cream because it is _______________ (hot) yesterday. Tomorrow they will go to the theater because the tickets are ______________ (cheap) on Wednesdays.

5. {{describepicture}}

[[File:Gone Home - Bedroom.png|500px|Gone Home - Bedroom]]

==Conversation==

# What color are the walls in your bedroom?
# What is on your bed sheets?
# What is there under your bed?
# How big is your bedroom?
# Do you have a bathroom in your bedroom?
# Do you have a TV in your room?
# Is your computer in your bedroom?
# How much time do you spend in your bedroom each day?
# What is your favorite thing to do in your bedroom?
# Do you share your bedroom with anyone?
# What would you like to change about your bedroom?

==Extra Vocab==

===The Bedroom===

* Snore
* Yawn
* Bed
* Pillow
* Bed spread
* Blankets
* Alarm clock
* Sheet
* Mattress
* Chest of drawers
* Drawers
* Dresser
* Bunk bed
* Chest, trunk
* Closet

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/bedroom/

<br>
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* Tier 4
** Lesson:Essentials/31|Lesson 31
** Lesson:Essentials/32|Lesson 32
** Lesson:Essentials/33|Lesson 33
** Lesson:Essentials/34|Lesson 34
** Lesson:Essentials/35|Lesson 35
** Lesson:Essentials/36|Lesson 36
** Lesson:Essentials/37|Lesson 37
** Lesson:Essentials/38|Lesson 38
** Lesson:Essentials/39|Lesson 39
** Lesson:Essentials/40|Lesson 40
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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/30

2014-03-07T11:55:09Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

Para contarmos substantivos incontáveis (uncountable nouns) precisamos colocá-los em unidades de medida, recipientes, formatos e porções contáveis.

Ex. Water -> a glass of water, a cup of water, a bottle of water, a liter of water

Usamos as seguintes palavras para contar uncountable nouns.

===Recipientes===

:bag
:bottle
:bowl
:box
:bucket
:can
:carton
:cup
:glass
:jar
:packet
:tub
:tube

===Unidades de Medida===

:liter
:pound
:kilo
:ounce
:pint

===Formatos e porções===

:bar
:pinch
:slice
:spoon
:square

===Fazendo Perguntas===

Quando fazemos perguntas, colocamos os recipientes, unidades de medida, formatos e porções no plural.

Ex.: She wants '''a cup of''' coffee. -> She wants '''two cups of''' coffee.

===Exercises===

1. Caracterize as palavras abaixo em '''countable''' ou '''uncountable''':

Obs.: Utilize o seguinte recurso para fazer este exercício. Você pode achar a informação '''countable''' e '''uncountable''' na definição de '''noun''' de cada palavra.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiktionary

* luck
* permission
* rabbit
* life
* salmon
* information
* luggage
* suitcase
* aircraft
* country

2. Faça frases com os seguintes uncountable nouns. Utilize recipientes, unidades de medida, formatos e porções.

#chocolate
#sand
#water
#coffee
#juice
#milk
#cereal
#soda
#toothpaste
#margarine
#bread
#sugar

3. Coloque '''how much''' ou '''how many''' nas perguntas abaixo:

#_______ stars are there in the sky?
#_______ people live on islands?
#_______ birds are there in the San Francisco Zoo?
#_______ countries are there in the world?
#_______ water is there in the Pacific ocean?
#_______ bread do they make every day?
#_______ bones are there in the human body?
#_______ sand is there in the Atacama desert?
#_______ information is there on the Internet?
#_______ money is there in your bank account?
<includeonly>

4. Complete as seguintes frases seguindo o exemplo.

Ex.:

#She needs to buy ________________ rice. ( 1 bag )
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

</includeonly>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|Jz4lkuFOAuU}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| mouth || fowl
|-
| now || couch
|-
| clown || loud
|-
| found || down
|-
| town || mouse
|}

==Vocabulary==

===The Kitchen II===

* Pot
* Skillet
* Spatula
* Tea kettle
* Muffin pan
* Knife
* Cutting board
* Whisk
* Rolling pin
* Dough
* Flour
* Grater
* Colander
* Strainer
* Measuring cup
* Measuring spoons
* Apron
* Stain
* Pantry

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/kitchen2/

==Review==

1. Qual artigo indefinido deve ser colocado antes das palavras a seguir '''a''' ou '''an'''. Escolha o artigo correto e depois escreva uma frase usando o artigo e a palavra:

* dog
* famous actress
* English CD
* end
* younger brother
* older sister
* actress
* aunt
* old bike
* invitation

2. Coloque o verbo '''to be''' na forma correta nos espaços abaixo.

Charlie _____ from Chicago, but Paul and John _____ from New York. Chicago and New York _____ cities in the US. Sandra _____ their friend and she _____ at school today. They _____ in the same class. Paul and John _____ brothers. They _____ in class because they _____ on a trip to Europe to visit their cousin Anne. She _____ a nice girl.

3. Passe as palavras abaixo para o plural. Escolha três delas e faça perguntas:

* product
* lady
* lion
* prize
* tree
* house
* lamp
* Eskimo
* story
* shelf

4. Use o pronome correto para as frases abaixo, veja o exemplo:

:__She___ '''has got a brother. (Diana)'''

#_____ is dreaming. (George)
#_____ is green. (the blackboard)
#_____ are on the wall. (the posters)
#_____ is running. (the dog)
#_____ are watching TV. (my mother and I)
#_____ are in the garden. (the flowers)
#_____ is riding his bike. (Tom)
#_____ is from Bristol. (Victoria)

5. Coloque o possessivo ' ou 's ou '''of''' nos exemplos abaixo:

#(a glass) milk
#(my friend) bike
#(the window) room
#(Mr Smith) car
#(Jack) computer
#(the headteacher) office
#(the number) house
#(two days) work
#(the waiter) shoes
#(Britain) economy

6. Faça perguntas usando a frase e as palavras em parênteses:

#to school? (you/to walk)
#a banana in the morning? (Ronda/to eat)
#parrots? (your father/to like)
#a room with her sister? (Wendy/to share)
#a lot in England? (it/to rain)
#sports after school? (your friends/to practice)
#camping in the summer? (Susan and Jack/to go)
#their friends to the parties? (they/to invite)
#at the bus stop? (we/to wait)
#in the morning? (he/to exercise)

7. Coloque '''some''' ou '''any''':

#Can I have ____ of these kiwis?
#We saw ____ dolphins in the sea.
#They went to town without ____ money.
#Buy ____ apples if you find ____ at the market.
#Would you like ____ more tea?
#Come see me ____ time you want.
#He never does ____ work.
#You can take ____ bus to the city center.
#Peter never gives his mother ____ help.
#There's hardly ____ coffee left.

==Conversation==

# Are you going to be very busy this weekend?
# What are you going to do next week (list 3 things)?
# Are you going to see some friends this weekend? Are you going to get dressed up?
# Are you going on a vacation soon?
# Where are you going to go on your next vacation?
# Are you going to drive, take an airplane, or take the train?
# Are you going to camp or stay in a hotel?
# Are you going to take lots of pictures?

<br>
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* Tier 3
** Lesson:Essentials/21|Lesson 21
** Lesson:Essentials/22|Lesson 22
** Lesson:Essentials/23|Lesson 23
** Lesson:Essentials/24|Lesson 24
** Lesson:Essentials/25|Lesson 25
** Lesson:Essentials/26|Lesson 26
** Lesson:Essentials/27|Lesson 27
** Lesson:Essentials/28|Lesson 28
** Lesson:Essentials/29|Lesson 29
** Lesson:Essentials/30|Lesson 30
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Lesson:Essentials/29

2014-03-07T11:54:37Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Go + to, for a, ...ing===

===go to===

Indica destino, finalidade, para onde estamos indo.

:Ex.: I '''go to''' work at 7 am.
: They are '''go'''ing '''to''' England next year.

===go for a===

Indica uma atividade de lazer. Depois desta expressão usamos um substantivo.

Atividades:
*walk (dar uma volta a pé)
*ride (dar uma volta de carro, bicicleta, etc)
*ice-cream (tomar um sorvete)
*movie (assistir a um filme no cinema)
*run (fazer uma corrida)
*drive (andar de carro)
*drink (tomar um drink)

:Ex.: I '''go for a''' walk in the park every morning.
: She will go for a ride on her new bike.

===go ...ing===

Indica uma atividade de lazer ou esporte.

Atividades:

*climbing
*skiing
*swimming
*fishing
*sailing
*walking
*riding
*birdwatching
*shopping
*jogging
*running

:Ex.: I love to '''go walking''' in the morning.
: We will '''go fishing''' next month.
: They are '''go'''ing '''shopping''' this afternoon.

===Exercises===

1. Coloque '''go to''', '''go for a''', ou '''go ...ing''', mais os verbos em parênteses se necessário:

#Are you ________ this afternoon? (shop)
#I'm ________ the dentist after lunch.
#She's ________ right now. (walk)
#We want to ________ after work. (drink)
#What time do you usually ________? (dinner)
#I need to ________ before work this morning. (exercise)
#It's a nice day. Let's ________? (swim)
#Peter is going out later. He has to ________. (a meeting)
#Do you ________ every day? (run)
#John didn't want to ________ the concert.
#Rachel has a small boat and she often ________. (sail)
#Sheila ________ after work this evening. (jog)
#Janice is going on holiday next month. She is ________ Paris.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|OW95MzdNLsI}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| pair || square
|-
| fair || various
|-
| dared || glared
|-
| bare || spare
|-
| stair || air
|}

==Vocabulary==

===The Kitchen===

* Refrigerator
* Ice tray
* Freezer
* Stove
* Burner
* Oven
* Timer
* Oven mitt
* Crockpot
* Microwave oven
* Toaster
* Toast
* Mixer
* Beater
* Blender
* Food Processor
* Can
* Lid
* Can opener
* Jar
* Sink
* Dishes
* Rag
* Paper towels
* Sponge
* Detergent
* Dishwasher
* Coffee maker
* Coffee
* Coffee Gridner

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/kitchen/

==Review==

1. Coloque as palavras de acordo com as frases abaixo:

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"

| eats || have || make || drink || like
|-
| play || visits || leaves || plays || speaks
|-
|}

#We _____________ breakfast at 7 o'clock.
#They ______________ to study English.
#That girl ________________ French well.
#The plane ____________________ at 10 o’clock.
#The children __________________ in the park every day.
#John _______________ the piano perfectly.
#You always ____________________ delicious cakes.
#She _________________ her parents every Sunday.
#They usually __________________ much wine.
#Little Peter _________________ fruit every morning.

2. Leia o texto abaixo e em seguida responda as perguntas sem procurá-las no texto. Responda de acordo com o que você entendeu e com suas palavras:

:Our Upcoming Family Vacation

:In a month, we are going on a family vacation. My mom and dad are going to drive us to the coast. The drive is going to take two days. I'm going to sit in the front and my brother is going to sit in the back. I'm going to read the map and tell dad where to go. We are going to bring a tent and camp on the way. We are going to visit new places and new cities. I'm going to take lots of pictures. We are going to swim in the ocean when we get there. I'm going to collect shells and look for jellyfish. My brother and I are going to build sandcastles. I can't wait. It's going to be so much fun!

#When are they going on vacation?
#Where are they planning to go to?
#How long is the drive?
#Where are they planning to sleep?

3. Passe as frases abaixo para o negativo e depois para o interrogativo:

#We tell them about our plans.
#He eats lunch in the cafeteria.
#She lives in New York.
#We use our books at home.
#You play tennis very well.
#That child likes ice-cream.

4. Use a forma correta do verbo '''to have''' ('''has''', '''have''') nas frases abaixo:

#Marilyn and Robert _______ three children.
#Birds _______ feathers.
#This book _______ one hundred pages.
#My car _______ 4 doors.
#Our teacher _______ a cold today.
#That businessman _______ a lot of money.
#Some big cities _______ a lot of crime.
#We _______ three bedrooms in our house.
#I _______ a lot of work to do today.
#She _______ a doctor's appointment today.

5. Pratique fazendo perguntas e dando respostas curtas com o verbo '''to have'''. Veja o exemplo abaixo:

: Do you have a cold?
: Yes, I do. ('''I have a cold''')

#(He has a big family.)
#(They don't have a car.)
#(I have a lot of work to do.)
#(She doesn't have blue eyes.)
#(We have a big classroom.)
#(I don't have a pet.)
#(They have a large garden.)
#(He doesn't have a beard.)

6. Dê três exemplos com o verbo '''go''' abaixo:

* go to –
* go for a –
* go …ing -

=Conversation=

# Where do you live?
# What is your best friend's name?
# What is your family doing right now?
# What kind of music do you like?
# Do you prefer to watch TV or listen to music? Why?
# What are you wearing today?
# What is the person beside you doing?
# Do you like to go out on the weekends?
# Where do you usually go?
# What do you like doing in your free time?

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* Tier 3
** Lesson:Essentials/21|Lesson 21
** Lesson:Essentials/22|Lesson 22
** Lesson:Essentials/23|Lesson 23
** Lesson:Essentials/24|Lesson 24
** Lesson:Essentials/25|Lesson 25
** Lesson:Essentials/26|Lesson 26
** Lesson:Essentials/27|Lesson 27
** Lesson:Essentials/28|Lesson 28
** Lesson:Essentials/29|Lesson 29
** Lesson:Essentials/30|Lesson 30
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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/28

2014-03-07T11:54:06Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

Frases imperativas são utilizadas para dar conselhos, instruções, comandos e fazer pedidos.

Exemplos:

{| class="prettytable"
| Do not enter!
|-
| Wait here!
|-
| Call me when you get there.
|-
| Write your name on this sheet of paper, please.
|}

Obs.:

* Frases imperativas podem ser apenas afirmativas ou negativas. Não existem perguntas imperativas.
* Frases afirmativas começam com um verbo.
* Frases negativas começam com '''don't'''.

===Exercises===

:1. Mude as frases do afirmativo para o negativo:

#Go outside.
#Give this to him.
#Put your books on the table.
#Buy that newspaper.
#Turn off the radio.
#Let's go.
#Call me in the morning.
#Tell me about Mary.
#Let's dance.

:2. Mude as frases do negativo para o afirmativo:

#Don't open the door.
#Don't close the window.
#Let's not visit her.
#Don't come early.
#Don't help him.
#Don't sit there.
#Don't call him now.
#Don't open your books.
#Don't read that letter.

:3. Escolha a alternativa correta:

#Don't (open, wait) the window.
#Let's not (invite, buy) her.
#(Wait, Go) for me.
#Don't (read, disturb) her.
#Let's not (call, sit) the girls.
#(Put, Wait) the magazine on the table.
#Don't (eat, drink) that milk.
#(Sit, Wash) on the sofa.
#Let's (listen, buy) to him.
#Don't (come, tell) after 10 o'clock.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|mVU046CCnuI}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| boat || know
|-
| show || goat
|-
| no || coat
|-
| sew || dough
|-
| flow || throat
|}

==Vocabulary==

===The Dinning Room===

* Eating utensils
* Spoon
* Fork
* Knife
* Chop sticks
* Plate
* Bowl
* Salt shaker
* Salt
* Pepper shaker
* Pepper
* Napkin
* Napkin ring
* Place setting
* Place mat
* Table
* Tablecloth
* Pitcher
* Glass
* Cup
* Saucer
* Straw
* Mug
* Ladle
* Bottle
* Bottle cap
* Bottle opener
* Cork
* Corkscrew
* Wine glass

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/dining-room/

==Review==

1. Faça perguntas, seguindo o modelo:

:'''I’m going to visit Tom tonight. (What time / visit)'''
: What time are you going to visit Tom?

#I’m going to the supermarket.(What / buy)
#Jane is going to Rio this afternoon.(What flight / take)
#We’re going to a party tonight.(What time / be back)
#My children are going to learn tennis.(When / start)
#My brother is going to buy a car.(What car / buy)
#My sister is going to quit her job. (Why / quit)
#My parents are going to buy an apartment.(How much / pay for)
#My company is going to fire many people. (How many people / fire)
#My wife is going to cook dinner. (What / cook)
#Our friends are going to sell their house. (Why / sell)
#My mother is going to arrive at six o’clock. (You / wait for)
#It’s my girlfriend’s birthday tomorrow. (What / you / give)
#Don is taking his exam tomorrow. (Do you think / pass)
#Marie and Fred are in love. (Do you think / get married)
#The sky is so dark. (Do you think / rain)
#I’m finishing this report. (You / print / now)
#The telephone is ringing. (You / answer)

2. Leia o texto abaixo e em seguida responda as perguntas. Tente não procurar as respostas no texto, elabore uma resposta baseado no que você leu e entendeu do texto:

:The Walkers

:This is Susan and Terry. They are married. They live in a big city. This is their daughter Amy. Amy is singing. She loves singing pop music. She wants to be a singer. This is their son Chris. Chris is studying. He hates studying. He wants to be a fireman. Their dog is playing on the floor. Her name is Roxie. Roxie is waiting for a walk. Susan and Terry are making dinner. They like to cook together. Terry is chopping vegetables and Susan is making pasta. Their friends Jane and Barry are coming over for dinner tonight. The Walkers have lots of friends. They like to go out on the weekends. They like going to the movies or going to the theater.

#Where do Susan and Terry live?
#What is their daughter’s name? What is she doing?
#What does Chris want to be?
#Who is Roxie?
#What is Roxie doing?
#Who is making dinner? What is Terry doing?
#Who is coming over for dinner?
#What do the Walkers like to do on the weekends?

3. Complete as frases usando a forma correta dos verbos, veja o exemplo:

: I usually ________ at 7:00, but today I ________ at 6:30 because I have an appointment at work. (get up)
: I usually '''get up''' at 7:00, but today I '''am getting up''' at 6:30 because I have an appointment at work.

#Bryce never ________ cakes, but she ________ one today because it is her husband´s birthday. (bake)
#David always ________ to work, but he ________ the bus today because it is raining very hard. (walk, take)
#They usually ________ the local newspaper, but today they ________ a national newspaper. (read)
#The children usually ________________ a bath in the evening, but tonight they ________ a shower. (have, take)
#I often ________ cereal for breakfast, but today I ________ eggs. (eat)
# Robert never ________ a tie to work, but he ________ one today because he has an important meeting. (wear)
#Mr. Sandler usually ________ work at 5:30, but he ________ early today because it is his wife's birthday. (leave)
#Brenda always ________ at Target, but today she ________ at Walmart because there is a good sale there. (shop)
#Jane and Jack never ________ wine, but they ________ wine today because it is their anniversary. (drink)

4. Vamos trabalhar com os vocabulários estudados até agora. Dê o nome de pratos que possuam as comidas abaixo:

#lettuce
#mushroom
#pepper
#sweet potatoes
#cucumber
#peas
#eggplant
#bell pepper
#garlic
#green onion

5. Coloque o '''there to be''' na forma correta nas frases abaixo:

#____________ an accident on First Avenue.
#____________ anybody in room 201 now?
#____________ doubts about your project.
#____________ a man waiting for me now.
#____________ two men there now.
#How many pencils ____________ in the box?
#Can you tell me how many people ____________ in the room now?
#____________ five people at the meeting now.
#____________ a big show on TV tonight.

==Conversation==

# Where does your brother / sister live?
# How often do you go to the dentist?
# When does your class begin?
# How much does it cost to fly from São Paulo to New York?
# What time do you get up on weekends?
# How often do you visit your grandparents?
# What are you going to do after class today?
# What sports do you like to play?
# What do you need to do next weekend?
# Who prepares dinner in your house?

<br>
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* Tier 3
** Lesson:Essentials/21|Lesson 21
** Lesson:Essentials/22|Lesson 22
** Lesson:Essentials/23|Lesson 23
** Lesson:Essentials/24|Lesson 24
** Lesson:Essentials/25|Lesson 25
** Lesson:Essentials/26|Lesson 26
** Lesson:Essentials/27|Lesson 27
** Lesson:Essentials/28|Lesson 28
** Lesson:Essentials/29|Lesson 29
** Lesson:Essentials/30|Lesson 30
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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/27

2014-03-07T11:53:37Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Adverbs of Manner===

Adverbs of manner, ou advérbios de modo, são palavras que explicam como uma ação acontece.

Alguém pode ler um livro de vários modos.

:Por exemplo:

{| class="prettytable"
| She reads books quickly. (quickly = rapidamente)
|-
| They read books hurriedly. (hurriedly = apressadamente)
|}

Note que advérbios de modo em português frequentemente terminam em -mente, enquanto em inglês geralmente eles terminam em -ly.

{| class="prettytable"
| politely || educadamente
|-
| easily || facilmente
|-
| rudely || grosseiramente
|-
| correctly || corretamente
|-
| safely || com segurança
|-
| neatly || organizadamente
|-
| calmly || calmamente
|}

Porém, alguns deles não seguem o padrão descrito acima.

{| class="prettytable"
| hard || duramente, profundamente
|-
| well || bem
|-
| fast || rapidamente
|-
| straight || corretamente
|}

===EXERCISES===

1. Mude os adjetivos em parêntese para advérbios:

#My friend has a beautiful voice. She sings ____________. (beautiful)
#That guy runs ____________. He wins every competition. (quick)
#You have to do your homework ____________ to get a good grade. (correct)
#Now the windshield is clean. I can see ____________. (clear)
#The dancers dance ____________ around the stage. (graceful)
#That joke is funny. I always laugh ____________ when you tell it. (loud)
#The teacher speaks ____________ to the new students. (kind)
#The children eat their snacks ____________. (noisy)
#The new girl introduced herself ___________ to the class. (shy)
#The big waves crashed ____________. (violent)

2. Coloque os advérbios da tabela abaixo nas frases. Use um em cada sentença:

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"

| politely || rudely || easily || correctly
|-
| safely || fast || calmly || sleepily
|}

#That man walks ___________.
#She is treating the clients _____________.
#I want you to do this exercise ___________.
#Everyone can do this lesson ___________.
#The little girl is talking ___________ on the bed.
#The teacher speaks ___________ with the students.
#He needs to go there ___________.
#She always speaks with the people ___________.

3. Escreva frases com os seguintes advérbios.

: a. politely
: b. easily
: c. rudely
: d. correctly
: e. safely
: f. neatly
: g. calmly
: h. hard
: i. well
: j. fast
: k. straight

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|o0FWLH4_YUI}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| choice || boy
|-
| boiler || noise
|-
| toy || enjoy
|-
| boiler || embroider
|-
| buoy || oil
|}

==Vocabulary==

===The Den / The Living Room===

* Chair
* Armchair
* Rocking chair
* Stool
* Shelves
* Bookcase
* Couch, sofa
* Cushion
* Coffee table
* Vase
* Pipe
* Cigarette
* Cigarette butt
* Smoke
* Fireplace
* Fire
* Match
* Lighter
* Matchbox
* Rug
* Carpet

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/den/

==Review==

1. Substitua as palavras em negrito pelos pronomes da tabela abaixo:
{| class=prettytable"
|
{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
| I || my || mine || me
|-
| you || your || yours || you
|-
| he || his || his || him
|-
| she || her || hers || her
|-
| it || its || its || it
|-
| we || our || ours || us
|-
| you || your || yours || you
|-
| they|| their || theirs || them
|}
||
#'''Monkeys''' are very intelligent animals.
#'''The teacher''' is doing '''her work''' in '''the teacher's''' room.
#What's the matter with '''the girls'''? ''(What's the matter = what is wrong)''
#Where are '''Bill and Frank'''?
#'''My sister and I''' are sick today.
#'''Carbon dioxide''' isn't good for our health.
#'''The lawyer''' is talking to '''his daughter'''.
#My father always gives a present to '''my brother and me'''.
#What are '''these dogs''' doing in the office?
|}

2. Se você fosse construir uma casa, quais cômodos você gostaria que ela tivesse? Tente descrever a casa/apartamento dos seus sonhos.

3. Substitua o texto escrito na primeira pessoa '''I''' para a terceira pessoa '''he,she'''. Não esqueça de fazer as alterações nos pronomes possessivos também:

:I get up at six o'clock every day and I open the windows. I have breakfast with my family. I drink juice and coffee for breakfast. I like to eat bread and cheese for breakfast, too. At eight o'clock I go to school by bus. I don't have a car yet, but I want to buy one. At school, I speak English with my teacher and Portuguese with my friends.
:At two p.m. I play tennis at the club with my brother and sister. After this, I drink some water and I take my friends to the movies. Then I smoke a cigarette and I go visit my cousin. I like to eat at the restaurant with my cousin. I don't like to cook. I don't know how to cook.
:In the evening, I read the newspaper and I write some letters to my relatives. I take the letters to the post office downtown and I buy some books for my children.
:At night, I stay at home and I help my children with their homework. I study English and I go to bed at eleven o'clock. I usually sleep six to eight hours.

4. Siga o exemplo e faça perguntas:

:Example: My family is living in Spain now.
:Question: Where is your family living now?

#They're having turkey for dinner.
#We're waiting for our Spanish cousins.
#They're speaking Chinese.
#I'm enjoying the cocktail very much.
#She's trying to start her car.
#They're checking their car oil.
#The washing machine is working perfectly.
#I'm living with my parents for the time being.
#She's writing her autobiography.
#He's making a tropical seafood salad.
#They’re buying clothes.

5. Faça perguntas para as colocações abaixo. Em seguida escreva a resposta com a colocação e acrescente algo mais para deixar a resposta completa. Veja o exemplo:

::'''always walks to work'''
: você - How does your father go to work?
: você - He always walks to work when it's sunny.

#has two sisters
#is wearing brown socks today
#doesn't like chocolate
#plays the piano
#lives in a two-bedroom apartment
#never drinks coffee
#is wearing contact lenses now
#has a birthday to go
#want to watch a movie
#need to go to the bank
#prefers Italian food
#don't have to study

==Conversation==

# Do you spend much time on the phone every day?
# Where do you work / study?
# What is the first thing you do when you get home?
# Do you have many meetings at work ?
# Do you meet your family often?
# Does anyone in your family speak English?
# When do you go out for lunch with your friends?
# What time do you have to leave home in the morning?
# Would you like to live abroad?
# What's your profession?

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** Lesson:Essentials/21|Lesson 21
** Lesson:Essentials/22|Lesson 22
** Lesson:Essentials/23|Lesson 23
** Lesson:Essentials/24|Lesson 24
** Lesson:Essentials/25|Lesson 25
** Lesson:Essentials/26|Lesson 26
** Lesson:Essentials/27|Lesson 27
** Lesson:Essentials/28|Lesson 28
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[[Category: Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/26

2014-03-07T11:53:06Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Usando o ''''s''' como possessivo===

Já vimos [[Lesson:Essentials/13|na lição 13]] como usar pronomes possessivos (his, her, their, etc).

Agora vamos ver com usar o apóstrofo + s para indicar posse.

===Examples===

{| class="prettytable"
| Jane's car is very expensive. || O carro de Jane é caro.
|-
| My friend's house is in New York. || A casa do meu amigo fica em Nova Iorque.
|-
| The boy's toy is in the park. || O brinquedo do menino está no parque.
|-
| The boys' toys are in the park. || Os brinquedos dos meninos estão no parque.
|-
| The boys' toy is in the park. || O brinquedo dos meninos está no parque.
|}

'''Observações!'''

#Se a palavra termina em '''s''', apenas colocamos o apóstrofo, sem ser seguido de '''s''' novamente, como o 4º exemplo.
#Note também que a ordem em inglês é inversa. Para "O carro de Jane" em inglês fica "Jane's car".
#Cuidado para não confundir '''s''' de plural com '''s''' de possessivo.

===Exercises===

1. Coloque ' ou 's:
#Don ___ car is in the garage.
#They sell ladies ___ hats in this store.
#The women ___ husbands are late.
#My friends ___ sisters are beautiful.
#Mr. Simpson ___ secretary is outside.
#I don't like boys ___ shoes.
#The doctor ___ wife is very intelligent.

2. Coloque as frases no caso possessivo:
#The dresses of the girls.
#The tail of the dog.
#The toys of the babies.
#The books of my brothers.
#The idea of Mary.
#The skirt of my mother.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|jryrW2353d0}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| price || high
|-
| try || eye
|-
| cry || strike
|-
| spy || fry
|-
| dry || nice
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Indoors===

* Window
* Pane
* Curtains
* Chandelier
* Blinds
* Light switch
* Lamp
* Lampshade
* Light bulb
* Candle
* Flame
* Wick
* Wax
* Candlestick
* Air conditioner
* Thermostat
* Fan
* Radiator
* Heating

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/indoors/

==Review==

1. Reescreva as frases colocando ' ou 's onde for necessário:

#The boy and the girl trousers are dirty.
#John and Alice mother is very beautiful.
#We can meet at Bob.
#My father-in-law car is very old.
#She is going to the dentist.
#They are buying their wives presents.
# The cats legs are hurt.
#The princess crown is delicate.

2. Leia o texto e responda às questões abaixo:

: My Classmates

: My name is Charlie and this is my classroom, and these are my classmates. My best friend's name is Andrew. He is writing on the blackboard. My other friend Amy is funny. She is talking and telling jokes to Bradley. They aren't listening to the teacher. The kid in the front row is throwing a paper airplane. The teacher is looking at the map, so she doesn't see the airplane. I'm standing near the window looking outside. It's a beautiful day. I would love to go outside right now.

#What's Charlie's best friend's name?
#What's his best friend doing?
#What's Amy doing?
#Are they listening to the teacher?
#What does Charlie want to do?

3. Faça uma árvore genealógica da sua família colocando os nomes e grau de parentesco deles.

4. Complete as frases abaixo com a correta forma do verbo '''to be''' e as palavras listadas abaixo. Use '''a''' ou '''an''' com palavras singulares ou a forma correta no plural.

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"

| season || weapon || car
|-
| continent || painting || bird
|-
| city || country || toy
|-
| animal || appliance || book

|}

::Ex.: Winter is a season.

#Europe and Asia
#A cat
#A Mercedes
#New York and Paris
#Canada
#A dictionary
#Spring and fall
#Guns
#A doll
#The Mona Lisa
#Parrots
#A refrigerator

5. Reescreva as frases na ordem correta:

#do how school get to you?
#bus I take the.
#bike I my ride.
#drives mother my me to work.
#take train the I to school.
#time wake what do you up?
#have do what lunch time you?
#dinner eat I 9:30 at
#go bed 11:00 you to at do?

6. Use a forma correta do verbo '''to have''' nas formas afirmativas e negativas nas frases seguintes:

#Marylin and Robert ______ three children.
#Birds ______ feathers.
#My car ______ 4 doors.
#Our teacher ______ a cold today.
#A dog ______ six legs.
# Some big cities ______ a lot of crime.
# Fish ______ fins but they ______ feathers.
#I ______ a lot of work to do today.
#She ______ a doctor's appointment today.
#That businessman ______ a lot of money.
#Canada ______ a lot of land, but it ______ a lot of people.
#We ______ three bedrooms in our house.
#Cars ______4 wheels, but a bicycle ______ two wheels.
#High rise buildings ______ elevators, but my house only ______ stairs.

== Conversation ==

# Do you have any English books at home?
# What are some of the things you like to do in the city on weekends?
# What is your favorite food? How often do you eat it?
# What do you usually have for breakfast?
# Do you prefer to drink milk or coffee?
# When do you usually connect to Facebook?
# Where do you like to go when you're on vacation?
# Do you prefer the summer or the winter? Why?
# What's your email address? How many emails do you have?
# What do you need to do today after class?

<br>
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** Lesson:Essentials/21|Lesson 21
** Lesson:Essentials/22|Lesson 22
** Lesson:Essentials/23|Lesson 23
** Lesson:Essentials/24|Lesson 24
** Lesson:Essentials/25|Lesson 25
** Lesson:Essentials/26|Lesson 26
** Lesson:Essentials/27|Lesson 27
** Lesson:Essentials/28|Lesson 28
** Lesson:Essentials/29|Lesson 29
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[[Category: Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/25

2014-03-07T11:52:34Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Any / No===

Na lição anterior vimos o uso de '''some'''. Hoje, vamos ver '''any''' e '''no'''.

Traduzimos '''any''' de três formas diferentes.

::Em frases afirmativas, '''any''' significa '''qualquer um'''.
::Em frases negativas, junto com '''not''', '''nenhum'''.
::Em frases interrogativas, '''algum''' ou '''alguma'''.

Em frases negativas, podemos substituir '''not + any''' por '''no'''.

===Examples===

{| class="prettytable"
| + || '''Any''' person can help you with the project.
|-
| - || I do'''n't''' have '''any''' friends in the US.
|-
| - || I have '''no''' friends in the US.
|-
| ? || Do you have '''any''' friends in the US?
|}

===EXERCISES===

1. Complete com '''any''' or '''no'''

#We have __________ money to buy a car.
#We don't have ____________ money to go to the movies.
#He doesn't talk to ____________ girls at school.
#We have ____________ chance to go there.
#I don't use ___________ of my pencils to write.
#They don't give us ___________ information.
#You can take _________ chairs you want from this room.
#Are there __________ fruits in the kitchen?
#There aren't ___________ flowers in the vase.
#Sorry! I have __________ money to give you.

2. Faça frases com as seguintes expressões

#no time
#any money
#any book
#no shoes
#any party
#no friends

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|Fob_Mv84JXE}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| tour || jury
|-
| cure || pure
|-
| mature || dure
|-
| lure || endure
|-
| immure || obscure
|}

==Vocabulary==

===The Garden===

* Rake
* Hoe
* Shovel
* Spade
* Clippers
* Gardener
* Watering Can
* Pot
* Sprinkler
* Seed
* Seed packet
* Garden hose
* Seedling
* Lawn mower
* Tool shed
* Latch

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/garden/

==Review==

1. Escreva as frases seguindo o exemplo:

: I have many friends / brothers / money
: I have many brothers.
: I have much money.
#I need to go home / school / movies / downtown
#I don't have much time / money / cars
#She would like to play outside / sing / dance
#We want to eat / he / my sister
#When do you call your friends? / father / she

2. Coloque a forma correta dos possessivos:

#John is writing ______ composition so he won't help us write _____.
#The boys are waiting for ______ girlfriends.
#Ted, are those some of ______ friends?
#That girl is asking about ______ pen.
#He knows ______ lesson well and I also know ______.
#I love ______ country, do you love ______?
#The women are preparing ______ sandwiches.

3. Leia o texto prestando bastante atenção, em seguida responda às perguntas sem copiar:
:My Sister Kimmy
:I have an older sister. Her name is Kimmy. Kimmy is 21 years old. She lives in Paris. Kimmy loves cars, motorbikes, and speedboats. Kimmy is a mechanic. She fixes cars and motorbikes. After work Kimmy drives home in her sports car. Kimmy's favorite car is the Corvette. She wants to buy a Corvette when she is older.

#Where does Kimmy live and what does she love?
#What's Kimmy's profession?
#What does Kimmy fix?
#What car does Kimmy want to buy?

4. Escreva frases com as seguintes palavras:

* shovel
* pot
* gate
* driveway
* chain
* chimney
* wall
* lock
* lawn mower
* watering can

5. Escreva um pequeno parágrafo sobre coisas que você faz em casa, jardim. Não esqueça de usar as palavras novas das lições.

6. Corrija as seguintes frases quando necessário:
#Would you like any tea?
#They never bring any food home.
#If you have no problems, call me.
#Can you lend me no money?
#We have some questions about this project.
#We left home without no blouse.
#Please, don’t put no sugar in my coffee.

7. Faça cinco frases usando '''will''' e cinco usando '''going to''', mostrando a diferença entre eles:

==Conversation==

# What is your brother/sister doing now?
# Where do you go on weekends?
# How do you come to your English class?
# What's your favorite movie?
# How many friends do you have?
# Do you like to go to the beach?
# What sports do you play?
# Does your neighbor speak English?
# Do you usually go downtown?
# What languages do you speak?

<br>
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Lesson:Essentials/24

2014-03-07T11:51:51Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Some===

Na lição 20 vimos o uso das expressões "'''there is'''" e "'''there are'''". Com frequência, elas vem seguidas das palavras '''some''', '''any''' e '''no'''.

Hoje veremos o uso da palavra '''some'''.

'''Some''' pode ser traduzido para português de duas formas: '''um pouco de''' e '''alguns'''.

A diferença é o uso com [[Lesson:Essentials/2 | countable e uncountable nouns]].

===Examples===

{| class="prettytable"
! Countable || Uncountable
|-
| some cars || some water
|-
| some houses || some time
|-
| some computers || some money
|}

'''Atenção!''' Note que some + countable, o substantivo está sempre no plural.

===Uso===

'''Some''' é, na maior parte das vezes, utilizado em frases afirmativas. Veremos na próxima lição que usamos '''any''' para as frases negativas.

Há, no entanto, um caso onde usamos o '''some''' em perguntas.

Quando oferecemos algo, ou esperamos uma resposta afirmativa, podemos usar o some para fazer perguntas.

* Would you like some water?
* Do you need some time to think?

Podemos seguir a palavra '''some''' da preposição '''of''' para falar: '''um pouco do''', '''um pouco da''', '''alguns dos''', '''algumas das'''

* Some of the people want to go home.
* We will give some of the money to charity.
* Some of the projects are ready.

===Exercises===

1. Traduza as seguintes frases

#Têm alguns carros vermelhos na rua.
#Algumas pessoas estão esperando por você. (esperando por = waiting for)
#Têm alguns problemas com o projeto. (com = with)
#Ela quer dar um pouco do dinheiro para a sua irmã.
#Você gostaria de um pouco de chá?
#Você gostaria de conhecer alguns dos meus amigos? (conhecer = meet)
#Você quer beber um pouco desta água? (desta = de + esta = of this)
#Você gostaria de um pouco de leite?
#Você quer um pouco de ajuda?

2. Faça frases com as seguintes expressões

#some cars
#some water
#some houses
#some time
#some computers
#some money

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|mZDX0UTS7RY}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| ear || beer
|-
| hear || deer
|-
| weary || here
|-
| fear || near
|-
| dear || clear
|}

==Vocabulary==

===The House===

* Roof
* Attic
* Chimney
* Shingles
* Shutter
* Garage
* Driveway
* Sidewalk
* Curb
* Street
* Yard
* Room
* Ceiling
* Floor
* Hall, hallway
* Wall
* Gate
* Fence
* Door
* Peephole
* Doorbell
* Door mat
* Knocker
* Door knob
* Keyhole
* Door handle
* Keys
* Key chain
* Locks
* Padlock
* Combination lock
* Chain

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/house/

==Review==

1. Descreva itens que você tem no seu quarto usando as seguintes expressões.

*There is a
*There are some

2. Diga em inglês todas as cores que você lembra.

3. Traduza as seguintes frases.

#She is going to a marketing conference.
#When are you coming back from your trip?
#How about going to a Chinese restaurant?
#Do you know where my mother is?
#What is the name of your mother?
#He loves to eat pasta.
#When are you coming to visit me?
#How tall is your father?
#Where do you go on Christmas?
#Mike doesn't like Chinese food.
#I usually work in the morning.
#She sometimes travels to her hometown.

4. Complete as frases.

#In the morning, I always...
#When I travel to New York, I will...
#How long is...
#Where is the...
#I need a...
#I want to buy an...
#They don't like to...
#Does she study...
#Is your brother...
#I think they won't...
#What do you...

5. Faça 10 frases usando '''much''', '''many''' e '''a lot of'''.

6. Soletre as seguintes palavras.

*Water
*Ice cube
*Coffee
*Tea
*Coke
*Soda
*Soft drink
*Milkshake
*Milk
*Ice cream
*Smoothie
*Strawberry
*Banana
*Alcoholic drinks
*Wine
*Beer
*Head of beer
*Foam
*Cocktail

7. Diga a hora.

::Ex.: 6:30 -> Six, thirty

Você pode usar as seguintes expressões:

*'''a quarter past''' para 15 minutos depois de uma certa hora

::Ex.: 9:15 -> a quarter past nine

*'''half past''' para meia (half) hora depois de uma certa hora

::Ex.: 10:30 -> half past ten

*'''a quarter to''' quinze minutos para as

::Ex.: 4:45 -> a quarter to five

*'''o'clock''' em ponto

::Ex.: 7:00 -> 7 o'clock

*7:40
*3:15
*1:20
*5:55
*6:15
*2:00
*8:30
*1:23
*11:00

==Conversation==

# What are the names of your parents?
# Do you prefer chicken or red meat?
# Where do you go on Christmas?
# Where do you study or work?
# What is your profession?
# Do you like Italian food?
# What time do you wake up in the morning?
# What time do you arrive at work?
# Do you visit your family often?
# How many times a week do you go to the bank?
# How many times a week do you go to the supermarket?
# How many times a day do you eat?
# How many times a month do you go to the movies?

<br>
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Lesson:Essentials/23

2014-03-07T11:51:09Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Would===

'''Would''', assim como '''will''' e '''do''', é um verbo auxiliar. Ele forma o tempo verbal que, em português, chamamos de futuro do pretérito simples.

De forma mais simples, podemos entender este tempo verbal como aquele que termina em '''ia'''.

Por exemplo, '''faria''', '''gostaria''', '''tentaria''', '''levaria'''.

Ele expressa um futuro possível de um passado imaginário.

Porém, por enquanto, vamos aprender a usar este tempo verbal de uma forma bem específica. Ou seja, para expressar desejos e fazer pedidos de forma educada.

===Examples===

{| class="prettywiki"
|
* I would like to go to the movies.
* I would not like to travel today.
* Would you like to watch that movie?
|-
|
* Would you help me with my homework?
* Would you teach her the lesson, please?
* Would you go with me?
|}

===Forma===

A forma do '''would''' é a mesma que a do '''will'''.

: Affirmative sentences: Usamos o would antes do verbo que queremos modificar. Também podemos abreviar o '''would''' para ''''d'''.
:: I would like to go to the movies.
:: I'd like to go to the movies.

: Negative sentences: Usamos o '''would''' seguido de '''not''' antes do verbo que queremos modificar. Também podemos usar a contração '''wouldn't'''.
:: I would not like to travel today.
:: I wouldn't like to travel today.

: Interrogative sentences: Usamos o '''would''' antes do sujeito.
:: Would you like to watch that movie?

Este verbo auxiliar não se modifica para he, she ou it.

Então, temos:

::I would like to go to the movies.
::He would like to go to the movies.
::I wouldn't like to go to the movies.
::She wouldn't like to go to the movies.

===Exercises===

1. Traduza as seguintes frases.

#I would like to go to the movies.
#I would not like to travel today.
#Would you like to watch that movie?
#Would you help me with my homework?
#Would you teach her the lesson, please?
#Would you go with me?

2. Faça 5 frases de cada tipo.

#Coisas que você gostaria de fazer.
#Coisas que você não gostaria de fazer.
#Perguntando a alguém se gostaria de fazer tal coisa.

3. Faça 5 pedidos, de forma educada, usando os seguintes verbos.

#go
#study
#play
#help
#stay

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|iUIGtFp2734}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| ship || sure
|-
| nation || fish
|-
| fish || shush
|-
| wish || dish
|-
| potion || mission
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Sea Travel===

* Ship, boat
* Anchor
* Porthole
* Propeller
* Captain
* Sailboat
* Mast
* Sail
* Rudder
* Keel
* Hull
* Yacht
* Row boat
* Oar
* Motor boat
* Towboat
* Cargo ship
* Canoe
* Paddle
* Raft
* Cruise ship
* Shipwreck
* Castaway
* Submarine
* Periscope
* Torpedo

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/sea-travel/

==Review==

1. Traduza as seguintes palavras.

# Apple
# Banana
# Grapes
# Raisins
# Avocado
# Cherry
# Olive
# Fig
# Orange
# Lemon
# Pear
# Plum
# Peach
# Coconut
# Mango
# Pineapple

2. Faça frases com as seguintes expressões.

#has
#have
#don't have
#doesn't have
#am
#is
#are
#am not
#is not
#are not

3. Responda às seguintes perguntas.

#What are your five favorite vegetables?
#What are your five favorite fruits?
#What is your favorite day of the week?
#What is your favorite month of the year?
#How many states are there in Brazil? (26 + Brasília)
#How many people live in Florianópolis? (around 421.203)
#How many cities are there in Santa Catarina? (285 cities)
#How many cousins do you have?
#How many televisions are there in your house?

4. Explique o uso da preposição '''in'''. Em quais casos usamos esta preposição? Dê exemplos.

5. Fale os seguintes números ordinais.

#1st
#2nd
#3rd
#25th
#57th
#101st
#138th
#62nd

6. Corrija as frases.

#She like to work in the morning.
#They won't work in Saturday.
#They tries to fix the car.
#I am going to buy a apartment.
#You do want to swim tomorrow?
#It haves five balls.
#Your tooth are very white.
#He usually will exercise tonight.
#I am work at the restaurant.
#He don't speak English.
#They will buy a sofa beautiful.
#He will invite she to go to the party.
#These keys are my.
#We don't have many money.

7. Faça perguntas com as seguintes palavras.
(Com rarely, seldom e hardly ever faça perguntas negativas)

#always
#often
#never
#usually
#sometimes
#rarely
#seldom
#hardly ever
#frequently

==Conversation==

1. Responda às seguintes perguntas.

# Would you like to go to a restaurant today?
# What would you like to do tonight?
# Where would you like to go next weekend?
# What movie would you like to watch?
# What would you like not to do this week?
# How would you like your steak? (rare, medium, well done = mal passada, ao ponto, bem passada)
# Would you like to be famous?
# Would you go bungee jumping?

<br>
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Lesson:Essentials/22

2014-03-07T11:50:26Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==
===Adverbs of Frequency===

Advérbios de frequência são palavras que utilizamos para indicar a frequência que algo acontece.

Eles se separam em dois tipos, frequência definida ou indefinida.

====Definida====

*hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly
*every second, once a minute, twice a year
*once, twice, once or twice, three times

====Indefinida====

*always, constantly
*usually, normally
*frequently, regularly
*often
*sometimes
*occasionally
*rarely, infrequently
*seldom
*hardly ever
*never

===Examples===

{| class="prettytable"
|
*She sends emails to her clients daily.
*We travel to Australia twice a year.
*They will stay in my beach house three times this year.
*I always brush my teeth before I go to bed.
*You never call me.
*He usually works on the weekends.
*I sometimes ask for help.
|}

===Exercises===

1. Faça uma frase com cada '''adverb of frequency''' encontrado nas listas acima.

2. Responda as perguntas de frequência abaixo.

How often do you...

*go to the movies?
*practice English?
*go to the beach?
*go out with your friends?
*travel?
*read a new book?
*check your emails?
*make food?
*brush your teeth?
*travel to Australia?
*work?

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|tyN9OCbFUuE}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| soon || cease
|-
| sister || listen
|-
| miss || sin
|-
| blister || sinister
|-
| mister || hiss
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Land Travel===

* Bicycle, bike
* Handlebar
* Spoke
* Pedal
* Chain
* Reflector
* Saddle
* Subway
* Bus
* Bus stop
* Train
* Locomotive
* Caboose
* Railroad track
* Rail
* Railroad tie
* Spike
* Tunnel
* Truck, semi
* Motorcycle. bike
* Scooter
* Tow truck
* Taxi
* Carriage
* Whip
* Reins
* Sedan
* SUV
* Jeep
* Van
* Pick-up
* Road
* Street
* Street light
* Street sign
* Highway
* Parking lot
* Parking Spot
* Parking meter
* Intersection
* Stop light
* Stop sign
* Pedestrian crossing
* Crosswalk

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/land-travel/

==Review==

1. Passe as seguintes frases para a forma afirmativa e interrogativa.

#I don't like to walk in the rain.
#He doesn't help his friend.
#They won't call their parents.
#She isn't trying to go home.
#We aren't studying Chinese.
#I am not going to travel this summer.
#He isn't going to be at the party.
#You aren't invited to come with us.
#I am not watching movies.
#You don't understand the situation.
#He won't stop the car.

2. Faça frases com os seguintes verbos

#call
#help
#try
#study
#walk
#invite
#travel
#understand
#stop
#watch
#like

3. Faça frases com as seguintes expressões

#in November
#in 2045
#on Wednesday
#at the mall
#in the classroom
#from Belgium
#to China
#in the US
#in California
#on the weekend
#on Christmas

4. Diga os seguintes números

#737
#21
#1023
#2016
#700503
#504
#79
#94
#353
#6431
#15703
#21844732

5. Traduza o seguinte vocabulário

#Hand
#Thumb
#Index Finger
#Middle Finger
#Ring finger
#Little Finger / Pinky
#Palm
#Finger
#Knuckle
#Finger nail

6. Faça frases com os seguintes subtantivos usando '''a''' ou '''an''' antes deles. Procure no dicionário as palavras que não souber.

{| class="prettytable"
|Ex.: Tomorrow I will meet a boy from Spain.
|}

#boy
#car
#house
#elephant
#person
#university
#underwear
#box
#uncle
#hour
#hospital
#unit
#lemon
#apple
#orange
#bear
#knife
#fork
#spoon
#plate
#axe
#sword
#book
#article
#website
#organ

==Conversation==

1. Responda às seguintes perguntas

#How are you doing today?
#How many uncles do you have?
#How much water do you drink a day? (a day = por dia)
#Where do you buy your books?
#Where do you stay when you travel?
#What is your favorite movie?
#Do you like to exercise in the morning?
#Do you need help at work?
#How tall are you?

2. Responda com respostas curtas

#Do you like apples?
#Do you have a car?
#Do you travel in the summer?
#Do you work at a mall?
#Do you have many friends?
#Does your mother live in Canada?
#Does your job make you happy?
#Does your house have air conditioner?

<br>
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Lesson:Essentials/21

2014-03-07T11:49:50Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

==How==

Hoje vamos aprender a usar a palavra '''how'''.

1. Utilizamos a palavra '''how''' da mesma forma que a palavra '''como''' em português.

<div class="well well-ex">
* How are you?
::I'm good, and you?
* How are you doing today?
::I am doing fine, thanks. How about you?
* How will you travel to India next year?
::I will travel by plane.
* How do you feel about your job?
::I love it. It is very exciting.
</div>

2. Podemos, também, colocar a palavra '''how''' junto com um adjetivo, em geral, significando "quão".

<div class="well well-ex">
*How old are you?
::I am 24 years old.
*How tall are you?
::I am 6 feet 2.
*How long is the movie?
::It is 2 hours long.
*How much money do you need?
::I need 400 dollars.
*How many brothers and sisters do you have?
::I have one sister and two brothers.
</div>

3. Algumas expressões utilizam a palavra '''how'''.

Quando queremos pedir a opinião de alguém sobre algo que acabamos de fazer, perguntamos:

*'''How's that'''?
::It's great. Good job.

De forma informal, podemos usar a seguinte expressão para perguntar '''por que'''.

*'''How come''' you will not be at the party?
::I have to work tomorrow. I'm sorry.

Usamos a palavra '''how''' junto com a preposição '''about''' para fazer sugestões.

*'''How about''' going to the movies?
::Sure. That's a great idea.
*'''How about''' a cup of coffee?
::Yes, please. I need to wake up.

===Exercises===

1. Traduza as seguintes expressões.

#How are you?
#I'm good, and you?
#How are you doing today?
#I am doing fine, thanks. How about you?
#How will you travel to India next year?
#I will travel by plane.
#How do you feel about your job?
#I love it. It is very exciting.
#How old are you?
#I am 24 years old.
#How tall are you?
#I am 6 feet 2.
#How long is the movie?
#It is 2 hours long.
#How much money do you need?
#I need 400 dollars.
#How many brothers and sisters do you have?
#I have one sister and two brothers.
#How's that?
#It's great. Good job.
#How come you will not be at the party?
#I have to work tomorrow. I'm sorry.
#How about going to the movies?
#Sure. That's a great idea.
#How about a cup of coffee?
#Yes, please. I need to wake up.

2. Faça frases com as seguintes expressões.

#How is
#How does
#How will
#How old
#How tall
#How long
#How much
#How many
#How come
#How about

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|EGejh2v6XHs}}
<br>

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| thin || throw
|-
| thumb || author
|-
| healthy || birth
|-
| path || think
|-
| theme || moth
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Cars===

* Trunk
* License plate
* Bumper
* Brake light
* Hubcap
* Door
* Wheel
* Tire
* Tread
* Shock absorber
* Rear-view mirror
* Hood
* Blinker
* Headlight
* Windshield wiper
* Windshield
* Seat
* Seat belt
* Motor, engine
* Jack
* Floor mat
* Jumper cables
* Battery
* Exhaust pipe
* Muffler
* Gas can
* Spark plug
* Motor oil
* Funnel
* Dip stick
* Horn
* Honk
* Steering wheel
* Speedometer
* Odometer
* Fuel gauge
* Pedals
* Clutch
* Brake
* Accelerator
* Stick shift, gear shift

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/car/

==Review==
<div class="nonumbers">
<quiz display=simple>

{ Reescreva os seguintes substantivos, colocando-os no plural:
|type="{}"}
a. boy { boys _4 }
b. girl { girls _5 }
c. dog { dogs _4 }
d. match { matches _7 }
e. man { men _3 }
f. foot { feet _4 }
g. telephone { telephones _10 }
h. tooth { teeth _5 }
i. bus { buses _5 }
j. glass { glasses _7 }
k. baby { babies _6 }
l. bird { birds _5 }
m. chair { chairs _6 }
n. person { people _6 }
o. box { boxes _5 }
p. brush { brushes _7 }
q. child { children _8 }
r. banana { bananas _7 }
s. spoon { spoons _6 }
t. cup { cups _4 }
u. woman { women _5 }
v. newspaper { newspapers _10 }
w. dictionary { dictionaries _12 }
x. camera { cameras _7 }
y. city { cities _6 }
z. bag { bags _4 }

{Selecione C para contáveis (countable) e U para não contáveis (uncountable):
|type="()"}
| C | U
+- toy
+- boat
-+ air
-+ rice
-+ sugar
+- watch
+- kiss
-+ love
+- battery
-+ snow
-+ permission
-+ luggage
+- trip
-+ news
-+ butter

{Classifique os seguintes pronomes em primeira, segunda, terceira pessoa e singular ou plural.}

{Him
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
+ singular
- plural

{Them
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
- singular
+ plural

{Me
|type="[]"}
+ primeira
- segunda
- terceira
+ singular
- plural

{Us
|type="[]"}
+ primeira
- segunda
- terceira
- singular
+ plural

{You (te/ti/tigo)
|type="[]"}
- primeira
+ segunda
- terceira
+ singular
- plural

{Her
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
+ singular
- plural

{You (vocês)
|type="[]"}
- primeira
+ segunda
- terceira
- singular
+ plural

{It
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
+ singular
- plural
</quiz>
</div>
4. Fale o vocabulário para o seu professor.

5. Corrija os erros.

#I will travel at Friday.
#They arrive on February.
#I have much friends in New York.
#Many stress is not good for your health.
#Ask he to come to the event.
#Them want to stay at home.
#Sally is my brother-in-law.
#She don't like to play tennis.
#Does he goes to school with you?

== Conversation ==

#Do you like sushi?
#How many brothers and sisters do you have?
#What do you like to do in the evening?
#What is your favorite fruit?
#What is your favorite restaurant?
#Where do you like to go in the summer?
#What do you do for fun?
#Do you have a hobby?
#What are you going to do tomorrow?
#When are you going to see your father?

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/22|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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<sidebar>
* Tier 3
** Lesson:Essentials/21|Lesson 21
** Lesson:Essentials/22|Lesson 22
** Lesson:Essentials/23|Lesson 23
** Lesson:Essentials/24|Lesson 24
** Lesson:Essentials/25|Lesson 25
** Lesson:Essentials/26|Lesson 26
** Lesson:Essentials/27|Lesson 27
** Lesson:Essentials/28|Lesson 28
** Lesson:Essentials/29|Lesson 29
** Lesson:Essentials/30|Lesson 30
</sidebar>
[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/20

2014-03-07T11:48:35Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|3uaB2Wfcp1Y}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{ Complete com "there is" ou "there are"
|type="{}"}
1. { There is _8 } a person in the house.
2. { There is _8 } a jacket on the sofa.
3. { There are _9 } many cars in the parking lot.
4. { There is _8 } one computer in the classroom.
5. { There are _9 } people in the car.
</quiz>
|}

2. Passe as seguintes frases para o interrogativo.

#There is a pencil on the floor.
#There are many things I want to do.
#There are books I need to read.
#There are many places for us to visit.
#There is an interesting article in the magazine.

3. Passe as seguintes frases para o negativo.

#There is a pencil on the floor.
#There are many things I want to do.
#There are books I need to read.
#There are many places for us to visit.
#There is an interesting article in the magazine.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|xg-_J1V8ksE}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiceless_5.shtml
<br>
*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| fat || coffee
|-
| rough || enough
|-
| fluff || effort
|-
| fan || leaf
|-
| off || rifle
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Pets===

*Cat
*Fur
*Whiskers
*Purr
*Kitten
*Dog
*Pant
*Bark
*Growl
*Puppy
*Whimper
*Bitch
*Veterinarian
*Collar
*Leash
*Paw
*Claw
*Poop

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/pets/

==Review==

1. Escreva um texto narrando o que você fará no próximo final de semana usando "going to".

2. Faça 5 frases no Present Continuous descrevendo coisas que você está fazendo neste momento.

3. Faça frases utilizando as seguintes expressões. Se não souber o significado de alguma palavra pesquise em: [http://www.wordreference.com/pten/ www.wordreference.com]

#won't / call
#doesn't / like
#don't / need
#is not working / my friend
#are not studying / my children
#is going to learn
#are going to stay
#what will you
#where does he
#when is she going to
#I don't know what

4. Fale para o seu professor os dias da semana e os meses em inglês.

5. Responda com respostas curtas.

#Will you work tomorrow?
#Are they going to stay for lunch?
#Is there a good book to read?
#Does he want to go home?
#Do you like to play with my dog?
#Are there many people at the party?
#Is he going to call his mother?
#Are we waiting for them?
#Will they stay here?
#Does she work at the bank?

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/CP11|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>
[[Category:Essentials ok]]

Lesson:Essentials/17

2014-03-07T11:47:56Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|GFhlYxKNr3s}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{Passe as seguintes frases para o afirmativo:
|type="{}"}
1. I am not going to enjoy the party.
{ I am going to enjoy the party. }
2. He isn't going to work at the bank.
{ He is going to work at the bank. }
3. We aren't going to learn Spanish.
{ We are going to learn Spanish. }
4. You aren't going to help me.
{ You are going to help me. }
5. Karl isn't going to go home.
{ Karl is going to go home. }

{Passe as seguintes frases para o interrogativo (lembre-se de tirar o negativo):
|type="{}"}
1. I am not going to enjoy the party.
{ Am I going to enjoy the party? }
2. He isn't going to work at the bank.
{ Is he going to work at the bank? }
3. We aren't going to learn Spanish.
{ Are we going to learn Spanish? }
4. You aren't going to help me.
{ Are you going to help me? }
5. Karl isn't going to go home.
{ Is Karl going to go home? }

{Traduza as seguintes frases: ('''não''' utilize contrações)
|type="{}"}
1. Eu vou jogar xadrez.
{ I am going to play chess. }
2. Ela vai trabalhar em Nova York.
{ She is going to work in New York. }
3. Nós vamos ensinar inglês.
{ We are going to teach English. }
4. Eles vão aprender espanhol.
{ They are going to learn Spanish. }
5. Alex vai me ajudar.
{ Alex is going to help me. }
6. Você vai trabalhar no banco?
{ Are you going to work at the bank? }
7. A Lisa vai para a casa?
{ Is Lisa going to go home? }
8. Vocês vão gostar da festa? (Utilize o verbo '''enjoy'''.)
{ Are you going to enjoy the party? }
9. O cachorro não vai brincar com você.
{ The dog is not going to play with you. }
10. Meus pais não vão trabalhar amanhã.
{ My parents are not going to work tomorrow. }

</quiz>
|}

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|SVu9-rF--3g}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiceless_2.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| tea || tight
|-
| button || feat
|-
| tin || get
|-
| knot || to
|-
| town || bet
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Men's Clothing===

*Sleeve
*Shirt
*Collar
*Pocket
*T-shirt
*Pants
*Jeans
*Shorts
*Belt
*Buckle
*Button
*Zipper
*Hat
*Cap
*Tie
*Knot
*Shoe
*Shoe lace
*Sole
*Tennis shoe
*Sandal
*Flip-flops
*Slipper
*Suit
*Vest
*Bow tie
*Tuxedo
*Underwear
*Briefs
*Boxer
*Socks
*Bathrobe

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/men-clothing/

==Review==

===1. Passe as seguintes frases para o future usando '''going to'''===

#She works at the bank.
#She is working at the store.
#They travel to Japan in the summer.
#They are traveling to England tomorrow.
#He has good friends.
#The book is expensive.
#The cars are new.
#My friends are in New York.
#My brother is working in the US.

===2. Passe as frases que você acabou de fazer para a forma negativa e interrogativa.===

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:600px">
'''Atenção''': estas frases são as respostas para o exercício anterior.
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
#She is going to work at the bank.
#She is going to work at the store.
#They are going to travel to Japan in the summer.
#They are going to travel to England tomorrow.
#He is going to have good friends.
#The book is going to be expensive.
#The cars are going to be new.
#My friends are going to be in New York.
#My brother is going to work in the US.
</div>
</div>

===3. Responda usando respostas curtas.===

#Are you going to visit your uncle next summer?
#Is she going to work at the hospital today?
#Are they going to help you with the project?
#Are we going to travel to Italy?
#Is he going to be an engineer?
#Are you going to study French?

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/18|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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}}
[[Category:Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/19

2014-03-07T11:47:10Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|oeobcZXilAM}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{ Complete as frases abaixo com what, where ou when. Pesquise as palavras que você não conhece antes de fazer o exercício.
|type="{}"}
a. She will ask { what _4 } you want to do. Tell her you want to go home.
b. { When _4 } are you going to move to the United States, in June or July?
c. He doesn't know { where _5 } she is. We need to find her.
d. I know { what _4 } he is going to do.
e. A: { Where _5 } is the dress? B: It is here.

</quiz>
|}

2. Faça frases com as palavras abaixo.

#hat / does
#hen / will
#here / is
#here / going to
#hen / don't
#hat / are
#hen / going to

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|A03FAiAf5nM}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiceless_4.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| key || clock
|-
| school || keep
|-
| came || lucky
|-
| sick || count
|-
| back || cage
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Winter Clothing===

*Coat
*Sweater
*Jacket
*Sweats
*Hood
*Gloves
*Mittens
*Scarf
*Ear muffs

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/winter-clothing/

==Review==

1. Soletre as seguintes palavras.

#oat
#weater
#acket
#weats
#ood
#loves
#ittens
#carf
#ar muffs

2. Diga os seguintes números.

#12
#19
#17
#20
#90
#70
#400
#450
#451
#9000
#9001
#9500
#9560
#9658

3. Complete as frases.

#What do you...
#Where is he...
#When are they...
#I don't know where...
#He doesn't know when...
#We don't know what...
#She knows when...
#Are you going to...
#Is he going to...
#They aren't going to...
#Will you...
#When will they...
#She is working...
#We are not traveling...

4. Passe as seguintes frases para o negativo.

#I will help you tomorrow.
#I'm going to travel to Japan next year.
#I will stay here with you.
#We will be together forever.
#I am going to arrive at work late.

5. Passe as seguintes frases para o interrogativo.

#I will help you tomorrow.
#I'm going to travel to Japan next year.
#I will stay here with you.
#We will be together forever.
#I am going to arrive at work late.

[[Category:Essentials ok]]
<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/20|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/18

2014-03-07T11:46:21Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|5KPMDH-JswA}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>

{ Escolha a frase que está correta. É possível que ambas estejam }

{ O seu amigo diz que vai se mudar para uma casa nova amanhã. Você acabou de decidir que vai ajudar e diz:
|type="[]"}
+ I will help you tomorrow.
- I'm going to help you tomorrow.

{ Você planejou viajar para o Japão e agora está contando isto para um amigo.
|type="[]"}
+ I'm going to travel to Japan next year.
- I will travel to Japan next year.

{ Você se dispõe a ficar com a sua amiga já que ela está sozinha.
|type="[]"}
+ I will stay here with you.
- I'm going to stay here with you.

{ Você promete ao seu amor que sempre estarão juntos.
|type="[]"}
- We are going to be together forever.
+ We will be together forever.

{ A pista está em obras e o transito está lento. Você faz uma previsão e fala:
|type="[]"}
+ I will arrive at work late.
+ I am going to arrive at work late.

</quiz>
|}

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|men87szKzMs}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiceless_3.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| church || match
|-
| nature || choke
|-
| teacher || chunk
|-
| rich || lunch
|-
| cheap || adventure
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Women's Clothing===

*Dress
*Skirt
*Blouse
*Purse
*Strap
*Suit
*Evening gown
*Scarf
*Pajamas
*Night gown
*Jewelry
*Necklace
*Earring
*Bracelet
*Ring
*Diamond
*Jewels
*Jewelry box
*Emerald
*Ruby
*Slip
*Bra
*Panties
*Hose
*Stockings

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/women-clothing/

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Review==

1.Passe as seguintes frases para a forma negativa e interrogativa.

#He will have many friends in New York.
#They will be tired.
#Linda will be at home.
#We will travel in July.
#My family will be very big.
#My friends will be very happy.
#They will speak English very well.
#She will work at the bookstore.

2.Passe as seguintes frases para a forma negativa e interrogativa.

#He is going to have many friends in New York.
#They are going to be tired.
#Linda is going to be at home.
#We are going to travel in July.
#My family is going to be very big.
#My friends are going to be very happy.
#They are going to speak English very well.
#She is going to work at the bookstore.

<br>
3.Siga o modelo.

She has many friends. (they / going to)
They are going to have many friends.

#He has many friends in New York. (we / going to)
#They are tired. (Susan / will)
#Linda is at home. (they / going to)
#We travel in July. (My friend / will)
#My family is very big. (The house / going to)
#My friends are very happy. (Larry / will)
#They speak English very well. (I / going to)
#She works at the bookstore. (You / will)

<br>
4. Faça 5 frases usando "will" e 5 usando "going to"

<br>
5. Fale para o seu professor o que você vai fazer quando sair da aula.

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/19|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/16

2014-03-07T11:45:40Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|mEG_uXQyMkI}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{Coloque as seguintes frases na forma afirmativa e interrogativa (não utilize contrações).
|type="{}"}
1. She won't help me with my homework.
(+) { She will help me with my homework. }
(?) { Will she help me with my homework? }
2. They won't work on Saturday.
(+) { They will work on Saturday. }
(?) { Will they work on Saturday? }
3. We will not learn Spanish.
(+) { We will learn Spanish. }
(?) { Will we learn Spanish? }
4. Adam will not wash the dishes.
(+) { Adam will wash the dishes. }
(?) { Will Adam wash the dishes? }
5. Jacob and Ethan won't fix the car.
(+) { Jacob and Ethan will fix the car. }
(?) { Will Jacob and Ethan fix the car? }
6. The plan won't work.
(+) { The plan will work. }
(?) { Will the plan work? }
7. My relatives won't be in Texas.
(+) { My relatives will be in Texas. }
(?) { Will my relatives be in Texas? }
8. I will not live in the US.
(+) { I will live in the US. }
(?) { Will I live in the US? }
9. We won't have time.
(+) { We will have time. }
(?) { Will we have time? }
10. She won't like my present.
(+) { She will like my present. }
(?) { Will she like my present? }

</quiz>
|}

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|FohSpGqz1jU}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiceless_1.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| pen || copy
|-
| happen || pack
|-
| pan || hop
|-
| cop || pop
|-
| punch || pump
|}

=Vocabulary=

===Weather===

*Cloud
*Rain
*Raindrop
*Lightning
*Thunder
*Wind
*Rainbow
*Thermometer
*Weather vane
*Snow
*Snowflake
*Snowman
*Ice
*Icicle
*Raincoat
*Umbrella
*Flood
*Tornado

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/weather/

==Review==

1. Passe as seguintes frases para o '''simple future''' na forma afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.

#She studies at The Grove.
#They travel to Chile in the winter.
#We work in the morning.
#I read the Harry Potter books.
#He teaches English at the university.
#My mother-in-law sings in the shower.
#Our relatives play volleyball.
#His neighbors fix bikes.
#She washes the dishes.
#I study with my friends.

2. Faça frases no '''simple future''' utilizando os seguintes verbos/expressões.

#work
#fix
#ask my mother to
#give the book to
#play with
#try to watch
#miss my class
#watch
#learn
#teach
#help my family with
#go to
#travel to
#read

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/17|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
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}}
[[Category:Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/15

2014-03-07T11:44:58Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

===Much, many, a lot of===

Hoje vamos aprender a usar as palavras '''much''', '''many''' e '''a lot of'''.

Para saber aplicar estas palavras corretamente, precisamos saber dizer se uma palavra é um substantivo contável ou não. Se precisar de uma revisão, assista ao video da lição #2.
<br>
Traduzindo para o português temos:

{| class="prettytable"
| '''much''' || muito || usado com substantivos não contáveis.
|-
| '''many''' || muitos || usado com substantivos contáveis.
|-
| '''a lot of''' || muito, muitos || usado com substantivos contáveis e não contáveis.
|}
<br>
Exemplos:
{| class="prettytable"
|
*I have many friends.
*She doesn't have much time.
*He has a lot of friends.
*They have a lot of time.
|}
<br>
Friends é um substantivo contável.
Time é um substantivo não contável.

Uma dica útil é que a palavra "many" vem sempre com substantivos no plural, enquanto o "much" com substantivos no singular. "Friends" está no plural, enquanto time está no singular.

===Exercises===

Algumas palavras nestes exercícios serão novas para você. Descubra o significado utilizando o dicionário.

http://www.wordreference.com/pten/

<quiz display=simple>

{Complete com much e many.
|type="{}"}
1. She has { many _4 } cars.
2. They don't have { much _4 } money.
3. We need to buy { many _4 } fruits.
4. Jenny fixes { many _4 } kinds of TV sets.
5. I wash { many _4 } dishes every day.
6. He doesn't have { much _4 } patience with me.
7. He works { many _4 } hours a day.
8. We have { many _4 } things to do.
9. Mike has { many _4 } brothers and sisters.
10. We always have so { much _4 } fun at parties.
</quiz>

2. Faça frases com as seguintes palavras usando '''much''', '''many''' ou '''a lot of'''.

#information
#money
#people
#hours
#vegetables
#pens
#homework
#water
#salt
#baby
#luggage
#sand

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|_5Pd24u-ja0}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiced_8.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| pleasure || leisure
|-
| vision || illusion
|-
| version || beige
|-
| seizure || measure
|-
| decision || occasion
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Drinks===

*Water
*Ice cube
*Coffee
*Tea
*Coke
*Soda
*Soft drink
*Milkshake
*Milk
*Ice cream
*Smoothie
*Strawberry
*Banana
*Alcoholic drinks
*Wine
*Beer
*Head of beer
*Foam
*Cocktail

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/drinks/

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Review==

<quiz display=simple>

{Complete as frases usando a preposição '''in''' ou '''on'''.
|type="{}"}
1. I live in New York.
2. They work { on _2 } Sundays.
3. We don't travel { on _2 } Fridays.
4. They are { in _2 } Europe.
5. She drives her car { in _2 } Chile.
6. His birthday is { in _2 } November.
7. Your birthday is { on _2 } Monday.
</quiz>

2. Fale os seguintes números.

#215
#746
#1.189
#3.444.820
#37
#49
#500
#821
#679
#5.822
<br>
3. Grave novamente a sua leitura do texto "Please call Stella".

Primeiro diga o seu nome completo e depois leia o texto.

<div class="well">
Please call Stella. Ask her to bring these things with her from the store: Six spoons of fresh snow peas, five thick slabs of blue cheese, and maybe a snack for her brother Bob. We also need a small plastic snake and a big toy frog for the kids. She can scoop these things into three red bags, and we will go meet her Wednesday at the train station.
</div>

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/16|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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[[Category:Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/14

2014-03-07T11:44:23Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|PUDzCDhlmOs}}

<quiz display=simple>
{1. Relacione as palavras em inglês com a sua tradução em português:
|type="()"}
| This | That | These | Those
--+- Estes
+--- Este
---+ Aqueles
-+-- Aquele
</quiz>

2. Traduza as seguintes frases para o inglês. Se não souber alguma das palavras pesquise no dicionário.

http://www.wordreference.com/pten/

#Aquilo é um avião.
#Este é o meu pai.
#Aquela é a casa dela.
#Aqueles são os filhos deles.
#Estes são os teus livros.
#Este carro é caro.
#Aquelas caixas são grandes.
#Estas pessoas moram nos Estados Unidos.
#Aquele menino é brasileiro.
#Esta mulher está cansada.

3. Agora passe as frases que você acabou de traduzir para a forma negativa e interrogativa.

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|MLGVGFW7V3w}}
<br>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiced_7.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| zero || music
|-
| roses || buzz
|-
| vase || hazard
|-
| rise || zip
|-
| lazy || easy
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Food===

*Hamburger
*Bun
*Patty
*Hot dog
*Wiener
*Sandwich
*French fries
*Soft drink
*Coke
*Pizza
*Potato chip
*Crust
*Honey
*Condiments
*Ketchup
*Mustard
*Mayonnaise
*Pickle
*Sugar
*Sugar cube
*Popcorn
*Candy
*Lollipop
*Chocolate
*Candy bar
*Wrapper
*Cake
*Icing
*Cookie
*Pie
*Gum
*Ice cream
*Cone
*Sundae
*Popsicle
*Donut
*Cupcake

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/food2/

==Review==

1. Separe as seguintes palavras em contáveis e não contáveis.

#orange juice
#boat
#sand
#car
#information
#wine
#bread
#people
#money
#things
#chairs
#time

2. Passe as seguintes frases do simple present para o present continuous.

#She studies at The Grove.
#They travel to Chile in the winter.
#We work in the morning.
#I read the Harry Potter books.
#He teaches English at the university.
#My mother-in-law sings in the shower.
#Our relatives play volleyball.
#His neighbors fix bikes.
#She washes the dishes.
#I study with my friends.

3. Agora passe as frases acima para as formas negativa e interrogativa, tanto as frases no simple present quanto no present continuous.

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/15|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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[[Category: Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/11

2014-03-07T11:40:38Z

Mariana: /* Pronunciation */

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|Pru015gyhhM}}
<br>

<br><quiz display=simple>
{Passe as seguintes frases para o afirmativo:
|type="{}"}
1. I am not enjoying the party.
{ I am enjoying the party. }
2. He isn't working at the bank.
{ He is working at the bank. }
3. We aren't learning Spanish.
{ We are learning Spanish. }
4. You aren't helping me.
{ You are helping me. }
5. Karl isn't going home.
{ Karl is going home. }

{Passe as seguintes frases para o interrogativo (lembre-se de tirar o negativo):
|type="{}"}
1. I am not enjoying the party.
{ Am I enjoying the party? }
2. He isn't working at the bank.
{ Is he working at the bank? }
3. We aren't learning Spanish.
{ Are we learning Spanish? }
4. You aren't helping me.
{ Are you helping me? }
5. Karl isn't going home.
{ Is Karl going home? }

{Traduza as seguintes frases:
|type="{}"}
1. Eu estou jogando xadrez.
{ I am playing chess. }
2. Ela está trabalhando em Nova York.
{ She is working in New York. }
3. Nós estamos ensinando inglês.
{ We are teaching English. }
4. Eles estão aprendendo espanhol.
{ They are learning Spanish. }
5. Alex está me ajudando.
{ Alex is helping me. }
6. Você está trabalhando no banco?
{ Are you working at the bank? }
7. A Lisa está indo para a casa?
{ Is Lisa going home? }
8. Vocês estão gostando da festa?
{ Are you enjoying the party? }
9. O cachorro não está brincando.
{ The dog is not playing. }
10. Meus pais não estão trabalhando.
{ My parents are not working. }

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|ynMtRiIsOek}}

<br>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiced_4.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| get || giggle
|-
| ghost || glue
|-
| struggle || bag
|-
| gig || fog
|-
| forget || mug
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Landscapes===

*Forest
*Desert
*Jungle
*Cave
*Mountain
*Peak
*Summit
*Hill
*Canyon
*Cliff
*Volcano
*River
*Stream
*Creek
*Canal
*Lake
*Pond
*Dam
*Waterfall
*Oasis
*Dune
*City
*Town

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/landscapes/

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/12|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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[[Category: Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/13

2014-02-21T14:58:35Z

Mariana:

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|kotEt1GZYq8}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>

{1. Marque as frases que estão corretas.
|type="[]"}
- She is washing hers car.
+ I am washing my car.
+ They are my friends.
+ She is my mother.
+ Their car is blue.
- Ours family is big.
- The old house is your.
+ The expensive car is his.
- Hers mother-in-law is Italian.
+ Do you like my cousins?
+ Are you working with our uncle?
- Is she traveling with mine brother?
- I am not reading theirs book.
- The dog is not my.
+ I don't want your siblings at the party.
+ Our parents don't study English.

</quiz>
|}
2. Traduza as seguintes frases.

#O carro deles é vermelho.
#Nós estamos lavando o carro dela.
#A família dele é pequena.
#O primo dela é americano.
#A casa branca é nossa.
#A caneta azul é de vocês.
#Mike é primo deles.
#Julia não é minha irmã.
#Os nossos pais estudam espanhol.
#Eu gosto da sua amiga. Você gosta da minha?

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|Caq21qA4uvQ}}

<br>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiced_6.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| this || other
|-
| smooth || these
|-
| that || then
|-
| weather || there
|-
| leather || rather
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Food===

*Slice
*Bread
*Crumb
*Wheat
*Barley
*Rice
*Grains
*Cereals
*Noodles
*Pasta
*Dairy food
*Milk
*Butter
*Yogurt
*Cheese
*Olive oil
*Nuts
*Almond
*Pecan
*Peanut
*Cashew
*Chestnut
*Walnut
*Pistachio
*Peanut butter
*Eggs
*White
*Yolk
*Hard boiled egg
*Egg shell
*Scrambled eggs
*Carton of eggs
*Meat
*Sausage
*Drumstick
*Beef
*Steak
*Pork
*Ham
*Bacon
*Grease

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/food-new/

==Review==

1. Responda com respostas curtas afirmativas.

#Is she working today?
#Are you traveling to Europe?
#Do you like to work on Saturdays?
#Does she speak Chinese?
#Do they play with their cat?
#Is he giving you money?
#Are they learning Italian?
#Are we going to the park?
#Are you studying mathematics?
#Is she giving you a present?

2. Responda com respostas curtas negativas.

#Is she working today?
#Are you traveling to Europe?
#Do you like to work on Saturdays?
#Does she speak Chinese?
#Do they play with their cat?
#Is he giving you money?
#Are they learning Italian?
#Are we going to the park?
#Are you studying mathematics?
#Is she giving you a present?

3. Coloque as seguintes palavras no plural.

Dica: Em dúvida, consulte o dicionário.

http://www.dictionary.com/

#man
#foot
#child
#person
#tooth
#mouse
#car
#hospital
#fly
#baby
#box
#brush
#glass
#girl
#university

4. Conjugue os seguintes verbos usando he ou she no simple present.

Exemplo:
{| class="prettytable"
| to work => She works.
|}

#wash
#think
#read
#learn
#fix
#miss
#go
#do
#study
#play
#try
#build

5. Conjugue os seguintes verbos usando he ou she no present continuous.

Exemplo:
{| class="prettytable"
| to work => She is working.
|}

#wash
#think
#read
#learn
#fix
#miss
#go
#do
#study
#play
#try
#build

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/14|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

{{#widget:DISQUS
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[[Category: Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/12

2014-02-21T14:57:38Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|JLMgDKg4DL4}}

{| class="prettytable"
|
<quiz display=simple>
{Quais destas frase não estão corretas?
|type="[]"}
- She has a beautiful car.
+ It's a house expensive.
+ They are working at the store old.
- We are traveling to a big city.
+ It is a book interesting.
- We have two blue cars.
+ I have friends new.
- He has a yellow submarine.
- She is an ugly girl.
</quiz>
|}

2. Faça frases usando os seguintes adjetivos.

::a. big
::b. small
::c. interesting
::d. boring
::e. old
::f. new
::g. expensive
::h. cheap
::i. blue
::j. purple
::k. hard
::l. easy
::m. beautiful
::n. ugly

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|y5LEMuuCJMk}}
<br>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/sounds/con_voiced_5.shtml

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| view || heavy
|-
| move || very
|-
| verve || voice
|-
| vault || believe
|-
| live || vote
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Colors===

*Red
*Green
*Blue
*White
*Black
*Yellow
*Orange
*Pink
*Brown
*Beige
*Grey
*Light blue
*Dark green
*Purple
*Violet
*Navy blue
*Turquoise
*Maroon
*Magenta

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/colors/

{{#css:olexercises.css}}

==Review==

===1. Passe as seguintes frases para o negativo===

#She works at the bank.
#She is working at the store.
#They travel to Japan in the summer.
#They are traveling to England tomorrow.
#He has good friends.
#The book is expensive.
#The cars are new.
#My friends are in New York.
#My brother is working in the US.

===2. Soletre as seguintes palavras===

#big
#small
#interesting
#boring
#old
#new
#expensive
#cheap
#blue
#purple
#hard
#easy
#beautiful
#ugly

===3. Siga o modelo===

{| class="prettytable"
|
She is working at the drugstore. (they)<br>
They are working at the drugstore.
|}

#They are visiting her. (him)
#She is visiting me. (they)
#She is an engineer. (teacher)
#We are soccer players. (He)
#My family likes to travel. (My parents)
#Martha likes to travel. (We)
#I work with him. (her)
#She works with me. (they)

===4. Listening===

Ouça os seguintes exemplos de sotaque do Texas. Este exercício é muito importante. É conhecendo sotaques diferentes que melhoramos a nossa pronúncia e conhecemos as possíveis variações da língua.

# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=977
# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=154
# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=125
# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=133
# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=538
# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=905
# http://accent.gmu.edu/browse_language.php?function=detail&speakerid=1492

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/13|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

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[[Category: Essentials ok]]

<sidebar>
* Tier 2
** Lesson:Essentials/11|Lesson 11
** Lesson:Essentials/12|Lesson 12
** Lesson:Essentials/13|Lesson 13
** Lesson:Essentials/14|Lesson 14
** Lesson:Essentials/15|Lesson 15
** Lesson:Essentials/16|Lesson 16
** Lesson:Essentials/17|Lesson 17
** Lesson:Essentials/18|Lesson 18
** Lesson:Essentials/19|Lesson 19
** Lesson:Essentials/20|Lesson 20
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/10

2014-02-21T14:49:52Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==
{{Youtube|wW43VYVEcbY}}

==Pronunciation==
{{youtube|kNWQYT3HPZs}}
<br>
dj

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
|joke || lodger
|-
|bridge || judge
|-
|junk || lunge
|-
|surge || average
|}

=Vocabulary=

===Ordinal Numbers===

{| class="prettytable"
!colspan="5"|Ordinal Numbers
|-
| First || Eleventh || Twenty-first || Thirtieth || One-hundredth
|-
| Second || Twelfth || Twenty-second || Fortieth || Hundred and first
|-
| Third || Thirteenth || Twenty-third || Fiftieth || Two Hundredth
|-
| Fourth || Fourteenth || Twenty-fourth || Sixtieth || Thousandth
|-
| Fifth || Fifteenth || Twenty-fifth || Seventieth || Millionth
|-
| Sixth || Sixteenth || Twenty-sixth || Eightieth ||
|-
| Seventh || Seventeenth || Twenty-seventh || Ninetieth ||
|-
| Eighth || Eighteenth || Twenty-eighth || ||
|-
| Ninth || Nineteenth || Twenty-ninth || ||
|-
| Tenth || Twentieth || || ||
|}

Utilize o seguinte recurso para treinar a pronúncia.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/ordinal-numbers/

==Classroom English==
<div class="well well-ex">
*My birthday is in __________
**Meu aniversário é em_________
*I was born in ___________
**Eu nasci em ____________ (colocar mês e/ou ano)
*When is your birthday?
**Quando é seu aniversário?
*When were you born?
**Quando você nasceu?
*Where were you born?
**Aonde você nasceu?

</div>

<br>
<div class="nextlessonbtn">[[Lesson:Essentials/CP1|Next lesson]]</div>
<br>

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<sidebar>
* Tier 1
** Lesson:Essentials/1|Lesson 1
** Lesson:Essentials/2|Lesson 2
** Lesson:Essentials/3|Lesson 3
** Lesson:Essentials/4|Lesson 4
** Lesson:Essentials/5|Lesson 5
** Lesson:Essentials/6|Lesson 6
** Lesson:Essentials/7|Lesson 7
** Lesson:Essentials/8|Lesson 8
** Lesson:Essentials/9|Lesson 9
** Lesson:Essentials/10|Lesson 10
</sidebar>

Lesson:Essentials/9

2014-02-21T14:49:03Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==
{{Youtube|myw1BxxFLbg}}

<quiz display=simple>

{Complete as frases com a forma correta do verbo '''to have''' na forma afirmativa:
|type="{}"}
1. He { has _3 } seven cars.
2. They { have _4 } good friends.
3. She { has _3 } three brothers.
4. I { have _4 } two siblings.
5. We { have _4 } a father and a mother.
6. Marcy { has _3 } four aunts.
7. Jack and I { have _4 } bikes.

{Complete as frases com a forma correta do verbo '''to have''' na forma negativa (use don't e doesn't):
|type="{}"}
1. He { doesn't have _12 } seven cars.
2. They { don't have _10 } good friends.
3. She { doesn't have _12 } three brothers.
4. I { don't have _10 } two siblings.
5. We { don't have _10 } a father and a mother.
6. Marcy { doesn't have _12 } four aunts.
7. Jack and I { don't have _10 } bikes.

{Complete as frases com a forma correta do verbo '''to have''' na forma interrogativa:
|type="{}"}
1. { Does he have _12 } a car? (he)
2. { Do they have _12 } good friends? (they)
3. { Does she have _13 } siblings? (she)
4. { Do I have _9 } brothers? (I)
5. { Do we have _10 } time? (We)
6. { Does Marcy have _15 } an aunt? (Marcy)
7. { Do you and Jack have _20 } bikes? (you and Jack)

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==
{{youtube|aZD97Z1nLz8}}
<br>
d

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| day || ladder
|-
| odd || dog
|-
| additional || did
|-
| dame || doom
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Vegetables===

* Lettuce
* Cabbage
* Potato
* Corn
* Mushroom
* Celery
* Carrot
* Broccoli
* Sweet Potatoes
* Pepper
* Salad
* Cucumber
* Zucchini
* Pumpkin
* Beet
* Radish
* Asparagus
* Peas
* Beans
* Pod
* Eggplant
* Bell Pepper
* Onion
* Cauliflower
* Garlic
* Garlic clove
* Green Onion

Utilize o seguinte recurso para treinar a pronúncia e conhecer o significado das palavras.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/vegetables/

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Lesson:Essentials/8

2014-02-21T14:48:16Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==
{{Youtube|ggWluU5uD9E}}

<quiz display=simple>

{Complete as seguintes frases na forma afirmativa.
|type="{}"}
1. She { is _2 } a teacher.
2. They { are _3 } Brazilian.
3. We { are _3 } happy.
4. I { am _2 } an engineer.
5. Tim { is _2 } a doctor.
6. Robert and Sally { are _3 } in Europe.
7. He { is _2 } very old.
8. My family { is _2 } big.
9. The bikes { are _3 } new.
10. You and Susan { are _3 } good friends.

{Complete as seguintes frases na forma negativa (não utilize contração).
|type="{}"}

1. She { is not _6 } a teacher.
2. They { are not _7 } Brazilian.
3. We { are not _7 } happy.
4. I { am not _6 } an engineer.
5. Tim { is not _6 } a doctor.
6. Robert and Sally { are not _7 } in Europe.
7. He { is not _6 } very old.
8. My family { is not _6 } big.
9. The bikes { are not _7 } new.
10. You and Susan { are not _7 } good friends.

{Complete as seguintes frases na forma negativa (utilize contração e este tipo de apostrofo => ' ). Exemplo: Mark isn't
|type="{}"}

1. She { isn't _5 } a teacher.
2. They { aren't _6 } Brazilian.
3. We { aren't _6 } happy.
4. I { am not _6 } an engineer.
5. Tim { isn't _5 } a doctor.
6. Robert and Sally { aren't _6 } in Europe.
7. He { isn't _5 } very old.
8. My family { isn't _5 } big.
9. The bikes { aren't _6 } new.
10. You and Susan { aren't _6 } good friends.

{Complete as seguintes frases na forma interrogativa.
|type="{}"}

1. { Is she _6 } a teacher? (she)
2. { Are they _8 } Brazilian? (they)
3. { Are we _6 } happy? (we)
4. { Am I _4 } in the team? (I)
5. { Is Tim _6 } a doctor? (Tim)
6. { Are Robert and Sally _20 } in Europe? (Robert and Sally)
7. { Is he _5 } very old? (he)
8. { Is your family _14 } big? (your family)
9. { Are the bikes _13 } new? (the bikes)
10. { Are you and Susan _17 } good friends? (you and Susan)

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|_PQlIC4M42M}}
<br>
b

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
|back || bag
|-
|hobby || habit
|-
|job || bob
|-
|cab || symbol
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Fruits===

* Apple
* Apple slice
* Apple core
* Banana
* Peel
* Grapes
* Raisins
* Jelly
* Avocado
* Cherry
* Olive
* Fig
* Orange
* Lemon
* Orange Juice
* Grapefruit
* Pear
* Plum
* Prune
* Peach
* Kiwi
* Coconut
* Mango
* Pineapple

- Melons
* Watermelon
* Cantaloupe

- Berries
* Strawberry
* Blueberry
* Blackberry
* Raspberry

Utilize o seguinte recurso para treinar a pronúncia e conhecer o significado das palavras.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/fruit/

==Classroom English==

<div class="well well-ex">
*Good morning
**Bom dia!
*Good afternoon
**Boa tarde!
*Good evening
**Boa noite (quando se encontra)
*Good night
**Boa noite (quando se despede)
*Have a nice day!
**Tenha um bom dia!
</div>

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Lesson:Essentials/7

2014-02-21T14:47:06Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|1ro3HOCa5F0}}
<br>
<br>
Faça o seguinte exercício. Se cometer algum erro, assista ao vídeo novamente e refaça os exercícios. Não vá adiante até obter um aproveitamento de 100%.

Caso não saiba o significado de alguma das palavras abaixo, pesquise em: [http://www.wordreference.com www.wordreference.com]

<quiz display=simple>

{ Use o artigo indefinido "a" ou "an":
|type="{}"}
a. { a _1 } boy
b. { a _1 } car
c. { a _1 } house
d. { an _2 } elephant
e. { a _1 } person
f. { a _1 } university
g. { an _2 } underwear
h. { a _1 } box
i. { an _2 } uncle
j. { an _2 } hour
k. { a _1 } hospital
l. { a _1 } unit
m. { a _1 } lemon
n. { an _2 } apple
o. { an _2 } orange
p. { a _1 } bear
q. { a _1 } knife
r. { a _1 } fork
s. { a _1 } spoon
t. { a _1 } plate
u. { an _2 } axe
v. { a _1 } sword
w. { a _1 } book
x. { an _2 } article
y. { a _1 } website
z. { an _2 } organ

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|SjQCJtnX_hc}}

r

*Som de consoante
*Em inglês britânico e do nordeste dos Estados Unidos o '''r''' não é pronunciado no final das palavras, exceto quando, em uma frase, ele se conecta a uma vogal.

Exemplo:

This is my car. ('''r''' não pronunciado em car)
The car is mine. (car is - '''r''' pronunciado)

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
|right || wrong
|-
|sorry || arrange
|-
|practice || price
|-
|fridge || run
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Face===

* Hair
* Forehead
* Temple
* Cheek
* Ear
* Ear Lobe
* Beard
* Moustache
* Chin
* Nostrils
* Nose
* Hairy
* Scalp
* Sideburns
* Goatee
* Stubble
* Dimple
- Expressions
* To smile
* To frown

Utilize o seguinte recurso para treinar a pronúncia e conhecer o significado das palavras.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/face/

==Classroom English==
<div class="well well-ex">
*I finished this exercise
**Eu terminei esse exercício
*I finished this lesson
**Eu terminei esta lição
*Could you explain this again?
**Poderia explicar isso de novo?
*I didn't understand this.
**Eu não entendi isso.
</div>

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Lesson:Essentials/6

2014-02-21T14:44:15Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|C_d8tEfmcoE}}
<br><br>
<quiz display=simple>

{Conjulgue os seguintes verbos na forma negativa:}

{ To ask (use "do not" e "does not")
|type="{}"}
I { do not ask _10 }
You { do not ask _10 }
He { does not ask _12 }
She { does not ask _12 }
It { does not ask _12 }
We { do not ask _10 }
You { do not ask _10 }
They { do not ask _10 }

{ To fix (use "don't" e "doesn't")
|type="{}"}
I { don't fix _9 }
You { don't fix _9 }
He { doesn't fix _11 }
She { doesn't fix _11 }
It { doesn't fix _11 }
We { don't fix _9 }
You { don't fix _9 }
They { don't fix _9 }

{Conjulgue os seguintes verbos na forma interrogativa:}

{ To give
|type="{}"}
I { Do I give? _10 }
You { Do you give? _12 }
He { Does he give? _13 }
She { Does she give? _14 }
It { Does it give? _13 }
We { Do we give? _11 }
You { Do you give? _12 }
They { Do they give? _13 }

{ To wash
|type="{}"}
I { Do I wash? _10 }
You { Do you wash? _12 }
He { Does he wash? _13 }
She { Does she wash? _14 }
It { Does it wash? _13 }
We { Do we wash? _11 }
You { Do you wash? _12 }
They { Do they wash? _13 }

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|w5uVor8CPUY}}

l

*Som de consoante
*O som é um pouco diferente se está no início ou final da palavra.

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
| light || valley
|-
| feel || life
|-
| bell || level
|-
| will || love
|-
| let || fall
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Body===

* Head
* Neck
* Chest
* Nipple
* Bellybutton
* Armpit
* Arm
* Abdomen/Belly/Stomach
* Wrist
* Elbow
* Hip
* Thigh
* Knee
* Leg
* Shoulder
* Shoulder blade
* Behind / Butt
* Back
* Buttocks
* Calf
- Hand
* Thumb
* Index Finger
* Middle Finger
* Ring finger
* Little Finger / Pinky
* Palm
- Finger
* Knuckle
* Finger nail
- Foot
* Ankle
* Arch
* Big Toe
* Toes
* Heel

Utilize o seguinte recurso para treinar a pronúncia e saber o significado das palavras.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/body/

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Lesson:Essentials/5

2014-02-21T14:41:29Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|LDI0neSt6CQ}}
<br><br>
Conjulgue os seguintes verbos no Simple Present:

<quiz display=simple>

{ To ask
|type="{}"}
I { ask _3 }
You { ask _3 }
He { asks _4 }
She { asks _4 }
It { asks _4 }
We { ask _3 }
You { ask _3 }
They { ask _3 }

{ To give
|type="{}"}
I { give _4 }
You { give _4 }
He { gives _5 }
She { gives _5 }
It { gives _5 }
We { give _4 }
You { give _4 }
They { give _4 }

{ To play
|type="{}"}
I { play _4 }
You { play _4 }
He { plays _5 }
She { plays _5 }
It { plays _5 }
We { play _4 }
You { play _4 }
They { play _4 }

{ To try
|type="{}"}
I { try _3 }
You { try _3 }
He { tries _5 }
She { tries _5 }
It { tries _5 }
We { try _3 }
You { try _3 }
They { try _3 }

{ To miss
|type="{}"}
I { miss _4 }
You { miss _4 }
He { misses _6 }
She { misses _6 }
It { misses _6 }
We { miss _4 }
You { miss _4 }
They { miss _4 }

{ To fix
|type="{}"}
I { fix _3 }
You { fix _3 }
He { fixes _5 }
She { fixes _5 }
It { fixes _5 }
We { fix _3 }
You { fix _3 }
They { fix _3 }

{ To watch
|type="{}"}
I { watch _5 }
You { watch _5 }
He { watches _7 }
She { watches _7 }
It { watches _7 }
We { watch _5 }
You { watch _5 }
They { watch _5 }

{ To wash
|type="{}"}
I { wash _4 }
You { wash _4 }
He { washes _6 }
She { washes _6 }
It { washes _6 }
We { wash _4 }
You { wash _4 }
They { wash _4 }

{ To go
|type="{}"}
I { go _2 }
You { go _2 }
He { goes _4 }
She { goes _4 }
It { goes _4 }
We { go _2 }
You { go _2 }
They { go _2 }
</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|2ka1gyPpjTE}}
<br>
h

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
|hot || whole
|-
|ahead || hear
|-
|hard || hello
|-
|hospital || huge
|}

==Vocabulary==

{| class="prettytable"
!colspan="4"|Numbers
|-
|0 - Zero || 10 - Ten || 20 - Twenty || 1000 - One thousand
|-
|1 - One || 11 - Eleven || 30 - Thirty || 10,000 - Ten thousand
|-
|2 - Two || 12 - Twelve || 40 - Forty || 100,000 - One hundred thousand
|-
|3 - Three || 13 - Thirteen || 50 - Fifty || 1,000,000 - One Million
|-
|4 - Four || 14 - Fourteen || 60 - Sixty || 1,000,000,000 - One Billion
|-
|5 - Five || 15 - Fifteen || 70 - Seventy || 1,000,000,000,000 - One trillion
|-
|6 - Six || 16 - Sixteen || 80 - Eighty ||
|-
|7 - Seven || 17 - Seventeen || 90 - Ninety ||
|-
|8 - Eight || 18 - Eighteen || 100 - One hundred ||
|-
|9 - Nine || 19 - Nineteen || ||
|}

Utilize o seguinte recurso para treinar a pronúncia.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/numbers/

Agora diga os seguintes números:

*734
*18
*1,020
*2,013
*700,500
*501
*76
*91
*350
*6,428
*15,700
*21,844,729
==Classroom English==
Aprenda mais algumas frases:

<div class="well well-ex">
*I am sorry
**Me desculpe
*Excuse me
**Com licença
* I will be back in a minute.
**Eu volto em um minuto
* I need to pick this call
**Eu preciso atender essa chamada.
*May I go to the bathroom?
**posso ir ao banheiro?
</div>
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Lesson:Essentials/4

2014-02-21T14:37:16Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|7_h1615NuCk}}

<quiz display=simple>
{Relacione os subject aos object pronouns:
|type="()"}
| I | you (s.) | he | she | it | we | you (pl.) | they
--+----- him
----+--- it
-----+-- us
-+------ you (s.)
-------+ them
+------- me
------+- you (pl.)
---+---- her

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|u18hRPDWlXU}}

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
|wet || one
|-
|when || queen
|-
|beware || quick
|-
|wonderful || once
|-
|want || worry
|}

==Vocabulary==

===Family===

====Feminine====

*great grandmother
*grandmother
*mother
*aunt
*wife
*sister
*daughter
*granddaughter
*great granddaughter
*niece
*mother-in-law
*sister-in-law
*daughter-in-law

====Masculine====

*great grandfather
*grandfather
*father
*uncle
*brother
*son
*grandson
*great grandson
*nephew
*father-in-law
*brother-in-law
*son-in-law

====Neutral====

*Parents
*Relatives
*Child / Children
*Kids
*Siblings

Utilize o seguinte recurso para visualizar melhor as relações de parentesco e ouvir a pronúncia.

http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/family/

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Lesson:Essentials/3

2014-02-21T14:36:21Z

Mariana:

==Grammar==

{{Youtube|hBrgjdODB6Y&}}

<quiz display=simple>

{Escolha o pronome que melhor substitui as expressões abaixo:
|type="()"}
| I | You | He | She | It | We | You | They
--+----- Ele
-------+ Eles/Elas
-----+-- Nós
----+--- Ele/Ela (coisa, lugar, animal)
---+---- Ela
+------- Eu
-+------ Tu/Você
------+- Vocês

{Classifique os seguintes pronomes em primeira, segunda, terceira pessoa e singular ou plural.}

{He
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
+ singular
- plural

{They
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
- singular
+ plural

{I
|type="[]"}
+ primeira
- segunda
- terceira
+ singular
- plural

{We
|type="[]"}
+ primeira
- segunda
- terceira
- singular
+ plural

{You (tu/você)
|type="[]"}
- primeira
+ segunda
- terceira
+ singular
- plural

{She
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
+ singular
- plural

{You (vocês)
|type="[]"}
- primeira
+ segunda
- terceira
- singular
+ plural

{It
|type="[]"}
- primeira
- segunda
+ terceira
+ singular
- plural

</quiz>

==Pronunciation==

{{youtube|Tb1ouhWWHVs}}

====j====

*Som de consoante

{| class="prettytable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="2"|Examples
|-
|yet || unit
|-
|use || university
|-
|yellow || genuine
|-
|useful || you
|-
|beauty || museum
|-
|few || puke
|-
|cute || |accuse
|}

=Vocabulary=

Months

*January
*February
*March
*April
*May
*June
*July
*August
*September
*October
*November
*December

Utilizamos a preposição '''in''' com meses. Então dizemos:

{| class="prettytable"
| I travel in July.
I work in January.
|}

Note que sempre escrevemos os meses em inglês com letra maiúscula.

==Classroom English==

<div class="well well-ex">
*Goodbye / Bye / Bye bye
**Adeus / Tchau / tchau tchau
*What is your name?
**Qual é o seu nome?
*Where do you live?
**Onde você mora?
*I live in ____________ on _______________ Street.
**Eu moro em(no/na) ____________ na rua _________________ .
*What is your phone number?
**Qual o seu número de telefone?
*What is your e-mail?
**Qual é o seu e-mail?
</div>
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Lesson:How Pets Improve Your Mood

2014-02-21T12:46:41Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# Do you like pets? What is your favorite animal?
# Do you have a pet? What is it? Where did you get it from?
# What does it look like (color, breed, etc.)?
# If not, would you ever consider getting a pet? Why?
# What are the pros and cons of keeping a pet?
# What is the best pet to own? Why?
# What kind of joy do pets bring to people?
# Do you think it's difficult to teach tricks to pets? Why?
# What can children learn by having a pet?
# What's the strangest animal you've ever seen as a pet?
# Why do some people not like pets?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|brutal}}
{{Definition|punctuated}}
{{Definition|grueling}}
{{Definition|jello}}
{{Definition|mush}}
{{Definition|fluffy}}
{{Definition|feathery}}
{{Definition|pet}}
{{Definition|ailments}}
{{Definition|pat}}
{{Definition|beloved}}
{{Definition|measure}}
{{Definition|mellow}}
{{Definition|households}}
{{Definition|straightforward}}
{{Definition|weird}}
{{Definition|shelter}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|4QWu1OJCmMA}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
It's the end of the day and you are exhausted. You had a brutal day of classes punctuated by the world's most grueling workout. Your muscles fell like Jell-o and your brain feels like mush. Oh, on a day like this nothing can make you feel better. Or can it? Actually, there is something that can: It's fluffy and playful and it has four legs. Or maybe it's feathery with two legs. That's right! You've guessed it: On today's Wellcast we are talking about pets! And how they can actually improve your mood and your health. Hey, we're not telling you to just go out and buy a pet. Instead, we're gonna teach you why spending time with cute little fuzzy animals will actually improve your mental and physical health. We'll also help you figure out how to spend time with animals even if you can't have a pet of your own. <br><br>
So what can spending time with a pet do for you? A study published by the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine in jolly old England found that dog owners, cat owners and owners of fluffy little hamsters generally found that minor ailments improved when they spend time with their pets. Furthermore: A study by the American Heart Association found that people's blood pressure drops significantly by merely patting animals. This could be any animals, not just their own beloved pets. How do we know? Well, researchers with the AMA gave forty-eight volunteers a series of difficult math problems, while measuring their blood pressure and other stress indicators. Half of them were given a temporary pet to spend time with. So, when the volunteers came back to do more incredibly difficult math problems six weeks later, those who had spent time with pets over the course of those six weeks didn't show the kind of stress reactions that the pet-free folks had. They were more mellow, more calm, better able to think rationally about the problem than those who didn't have any quality pet time. <br><br>
Clearly animals are awesome. But, if you're not one of the 62% of American households who have a pet, what should you do? Well, we at Wellcast have got a couple of suggestions for you.<br><br>
Pause and print out our PDF at watchwellcast.com. Got it? Awesome!<br>
This worksheet will teach you our four-legged method to get you spending time with animals.<br><br>
Now, leg one of our worksheet: Brainstorm! This is pretty straightforward: Think of all the friends in your circle and think of all the pets that they have. Next, make a list of your top five favorite pets. It sounds silly, but don't worry: We have another leg for this.<br><br>
Leg two: Reach out. Call up your friends and ask how you could get involved with their pet life. Don't forget: Pets are a big responsibility and everybody needs help time to time. So if you ask them if you could walk the dog once a week or maybe be the first person that they call when they go on vacation, it won't be that weird. <br><br>
Leg three: Volunteer. Another great way to get quality animal time in is to volunteer at your local animal shelter. Not only are you going to be connecting with your community, but you'll be connecting with a wonderful little puppy or kitten or something else that needs some TLC and on top of all of that, you'll be lowering your blood pressure and stress as well. Not sure how to start? Check out this national registry of animal shelters or look up a shelter on Google. Write down their contact information on our worksheet and then give them a call.<br><br>
Leg four: Schedule. Once you've arranged the time to volunteer at a shelter, schedule your quality pet dates around that. So, call a Buster's person, Suggs' person, Fluffy's person and schedule some quality pet time. Try for an hour a week just to start.<br><br>
To recap: Today on Wellcast, we taught you why spending some time with your favorite non-human cuddly friend was actually beneficial to your health. We also taught you a four-legged method to get you to spend some animal quality time of your own, even if you don't have a pet at home. After spending some time with pets, how do you feel?

</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs about: 1 - If you have a pet, tell us what is so cute abut your little animal. 2 - If you don't have one, talk about any experience you've had with them before. It can be a good or a bad one. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
}}

[[Category:Lessons in development]]
[[Category:Transcript ok]]

Lesson:How Oil Prices Affect the Economy

2014-02-21T12:46:04Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# How important do you think oil is in our lives?
# Do you understand the impact oil has on the economy?
# In the world we live today, do you agree that everybody is oil dependent? Why?
# Should we allow prices to be so dependent on the consumption of oil? Why?
# Are there any ways that are started because of oil?
# Do you think we will one day run out of oil? How soon do you think that will happen?
# Have you ever heard about the Second Industrial Revolution?
# What are some alternatives to oil?
# Nowadays people are trying to be 'green', give some examples of what this means.
# When possible, do you substitute your car for a bike, walk, etc?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|strong}}
{{Definition|struggle}}
{{Definition|freak}}
{{Definition|deal}}
{{Definition|oil}}
{{Definition|abundant}}
{{Definition|resource}}
{{Definition|crude}}
{{Definition|byproduct}}
{{Definition|waste}}
{{Definition|grow}}
{{Definition|fuel}}
{{Definition|ton}}
{{Definition|arguably}}
{{Definition|peak}}
{{Definition|suck}}
{{Definition|barrel}}
{{Definition|lifeblood}}
{{Definition|collapses}}
{{Definition|rely}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|j9OtQv5eH4w}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
You know, it seems like every time the economy starts to get stronger, oil prices go up. Way up. And then the economy struggles again. So what's the deal with freaking oil? Well, you see, oil used to be a cheap and abundant resource. So much so that crude oil created a byproduct called gasoline, which at one point was just considered waste. <br>
So we designed engines to run off that gas. And this was the beginning of what we call the Second Industrial Revolution, and it's a time of great economic growth. It made it so that most of our transportation and distribution of goods is dependent on oil; 35% of the United States energy comes from oil. We also grow our food and petrochemicals made from oil. Construction materials are made from oil. In fact, Americans consume petroleum products at a rate of 3.5 gallons of oil per day. And that's not just in fuel. Here's a list of other things that we use that are made from oil. <br>
Now, here's the problem: while there used to be plenty of oil that was easy to get, today we've used a lot of it. But don't let those tree-hugging, Earth-is-your-mother kind of people freak out on you, because there's still a ton of oil left in the ground. In fact, arguably we haven't even hit peak oil yet. Meaning that there's still more oil left in the earth than what we've taken out. <br>
But here's the thing: Human population is growing rapidly and certain countries like China and India, who are largely responsible for putting so many new people on this planet, are becoming industrialized and using more and more oil. So, while there's lots of oil left to be sucked out of the earth, there's more and more people consuming that oil. So, in the early 1900's when we first discovered oil, the amount of oil available per person was growing steadily until 1979. You see, BP discovered in a study that it was that year that the amount of oil available per person on the planet peaked. And ever since then has been going down just as fast as it went up. In fact, for the past few decades, we consume 3.5 barrels of oil for every new barrel we find. So, because of population growth, oil is going to become less abundant and harder to get to… unless we could find a backup planet. <br>
So, here's the real problem: when the economy is humming, we're producing more, buying more, transporting more. So, in turn, we use more oil. Which makes the price go up. And, since our economy is based off of oil, the price of everything goes up. Which means the amount of things we can afford to buy goes down. And that makes the economy slow down again. <br>
In fact, every time we try to work ourselves out of a recession, we bring the price of oil back up with us, because it's the lifeblood of our economy. So, remember in July of 2008 when oil hit U$150 per barrel? Well, that seems to be about as high as our economy can handle before everything collapses. If we really want to see our economy prosper again like before, we can't rely anymore on the Second Industrial Revolution. What we need is to build a new economy that's not dependent on oil. What we need is a New Industrial Revolution.
</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs talking about what would happen today if we ran out of oil. Are there any other solutions? Which ones? Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
}}

[[Category:Awainting review]]
[[Category:Transcript ok]]

Lesson:Happy New Year! Make a Plan!

2014-02-21T12:45:25Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

#What do you usually do for New Year's Eve?
#Do you usually make a list of your New Year's Resolutions?
#What are your resolutions usually about?
#What are some resolutions that will never be on your list?
#Why do people make so many plans during this time of the year?
#Are those plans always executed? Why?
#Why do some people wait for the next year to start on their projects or plans?
#Which resolutions do you think are the most common?
#What resolution do you make every year and never accomplish?
#Is the time around the new year a moment of transition? Why?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|girth}}
{{Definition|bit}}
{{Definition|lazy}}
{{Definition|regardless}}
{{Definition|resolution}}
{{Definition|remind}}
{{Definition|fail}}
{{Definition|utterly}}
{{Definition|plan}}
{{Definition|whim}}
{{Definition|crap}}
{{Definition|forethought}}
{{Definition|achievable}}
{{Definition|chunk}}
{{Definition|reward}}
{{Definition|track}}
{{Definition|recognize}}
{{Definition|wish}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|rEBedscSlYk}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Two, One. Happy New Year! It's our one holiday where we celebrate the passage of time which makes people stop and think, how do I want next year to be different than this year? Maybe you're feeling a little girthy or a bit too lazy. Or maybe this is the year you finally find that new job. Regardless of what your New Year's resolution is, we want to remind you, you will probably fail. Yep. Eighty percent of New Year's resolutions completely and utterly fail. That's because people don't understand the difference between a New Year's resolution and a New Year's plan. You see, resolutions can be made on a whim. Your resolution will probably make you feel like crap for the first couple of weeks and without a plan to get yourself through, you're destined to fail. A plan takes forethought. A plan means you're serious. A plan breaks up your resolution in small achievable chunks and has many rewards along the way. A plan is tracked in a journal and a plan recognizes that there's nothing magical about January 1st. People who make plans are twice as likely to achieve their resolution. So we wish you a Happy New Year. May all your plans come true. From us to you.

</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs about a time when you made a resolution and succeeded. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
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[[Category:Awaiting review]]
[[Category:Transcript ok]]

Lesson:The Power of Habit

2014-02-21T12:44:39Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# Do you have any habits?
# Where do we learn our habits?
# What bad habits bother you the most?
# What good habits do you most admire?
# Is it easy or difficult to get rid of a bad habit? Why?
# How can you develop a good habit?
# Have you ever been successful in getting rid of a bad habit?
# Which bad habit do you think would be the most difficult to get rid of? Why?
# Are we be born with our bad habits? Or do we acquire them from the environment surrounding us?
# Do other people's bad habits get on your nerves?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|tough}}
{{Definition|slip}}
{{Definition|end}}
{{Definition|components}}
{{Definition|cue}}
{{Definition|behavior}}
{{Definition|queue}}
{{Definition|reward}}
{{Definition|encode}}
{{Definition|whether}}
{{Definition|endemic}}
{{Definition|latch}}
{{Definition|intertwined}}
{{Definition|inner}}
{{Definition|basal}}
{{Definition|sort}}
{{Definition|counter}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|wQLHwSphu-M}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
So, if you're like me, you probably have at least a few bad habits you would like to break. But it's tough, because no matter how hard I try, I seem to slip back into the same old routines again and again. <br><br>
"In the last decades we've learned a lot about how habits work." <br><br>
That's Charles Duhigg, author of the book "The Power of Habit". <br><br>
"And in particular we've learned the neurological structure of a habit." <br><br>
He says we tend to think of a habits as a single thing, but actually, "Each habit has three components. There's a cue which is like a trigger for a behavior to start. And then there is a routine which is the behavior itself, and then finally a reward, which is how our brain learns to encode that automatic behavior for the future. And one of the big differences is that for years, when people thought about habits, they focused in on the routine, on the behavior. But what we now know is that it's these cues and these rewards that really shape how habits occur and how to change them." <br><br>
And Charles says that whether we like it or not, this kind of habit formation is endemic to our brain. <br><br>
"And what it will do is our brain will latch on to a cue that it associates with a behavior and a particular reward. And over time, that cue and that reward become more and more and more sort of intertwined. The inner part of your brain, named the basal ganglia will relate them together. And the behavior that is associated with that, that will just sort of happen automatically." <br><br>
But Charles says the good news is: We can also use this knowledge to our advantage.<br><br>
"There was a big study that was done about how to create exercise habits. And so what they did is they told a group of people, “Okay, first of all choose an obvious cue: always go running at the same time every day or put your workout clothes next to your bed so that you see them first thing when you wake up”. And then they said, “and then go for a run or go workout and when you get back from exercising, give yourself a small piece of chocolate”. Now this is kind of counter-intuitive, right? Because people who are exercising are trying to lose weight, not eat more chocolate. And yet what the researchers knew is that their brain needed that reward. Their basal ganglia needed some reward. But what they found was that people who ate a small piece of chocolate after coming home from a run or a workout, they were much more likely to start exercising habitually." <br><br>
So, according to Charles, whether you want to break a habit, or start a new habit, the key is to divide that habit into its component parts: Cue, routine, and reward. And design it for the result that you want.

</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs talking about a habit that you have and can't get rid of. Tell us what you're trying to do to solve it. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
}}

[[Category:Awaiting review]]

Lesson:How to Schedule Your Day as a Creative

2014-02-21T12:43:41Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# Do you consider yourself a creative person?
# Do you like to create things yourself?
# Have you ever thought of working in something that uses your creative work?
# Some people, when they are creating something, like to be left alone and with no sound around, not even music. Are you one of those people?
# If you could suddenly become skillful in something, what would you choose and why?
# Are there any artists that you really like?
# Do you think that people who work with art should have a special treatment such as not being called to meetings that aren't necessarily important for the creative process?
# Do you think that people are born with the gift of being creative or is it something that a person can develop over time?
# What things can you reduce in or remove from your routine which would free your mind to be more productive?
# What can you do to become a more creative person?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|creative}}
{{Definition|meeting}}
{{Definition|scheduled}}
{{Definition|blown}}
{{Definition|entire}}
{{Definition|soar}}
{{Definition|constantly}}
{{Definition|maker}}
{{Definition|sweat}}
{{Definition|productivity}}
{{Definition|embracing}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|lC4Ed2AqcKk}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
If you do anything creative like program or design or write, you know that it's hard to keep your creative energy up and stay focused. Something as simples as a meeting scheduled here will break your afternoon into two pieces which are both too small to do anything creative in and the rest of your day is blown. When you know your entire day is free, you soar like a creative eagle, yet people are constantly asking to get things get scheduled in even when those meetings are not important to what you are creating, what you need to do is plan your day like a maker.You see, managers rule the world and they go from meeting to meeting no sweat. They can meet Jim for coffee just to connect without ruining their productivity. And while managers are usually your boss and your clients, embracing the manager's schedule is a disaster for makers. Makers need to block chunks of time big enough to do real creative work. So, tell people you only meet at certain times of the day that you choose and that it's in their best interest that you have time to create.
</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs talking about yourself. Are you creative? How do you make sure you are productive? Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
}}

[[Category:Lessons in development]]

Lesson:How to Save the World from Email

2014-02-21T12:43:07Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out loud.

# How many emails do you receive every day?
# How many emails do you send every day? What for?
# Do you get angry when you receive emails from people/companies you didn't want to? Why?
# How do you like to communicate with people: emails, messages, phone, etc?
# Do you think it's boring to write emails to people? Why?
# What do you do to 'protect' your mail box from junk emails?
# Do you think emails will be substituted by any other means of communication? If so, which?
# Are emails considered a real document in case of need?
# How can a person write an email that is interesting to be read?
# Are emails the best way to talk to long distance friends?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|copy}}
{{Definition|paste}}
{{Definition|decide}}
{{Definition|respond}}
{{Definition|often}}
{{Definition|destroy}}
{{Definition|productivity}}
{{Definition|better}}
{{Definition|topic}}
{{Definition|tag}}
{{Definition|short}}
{{Definition|send}}
{{Definition|subject}}
{{Definition|even}}
{{Definition|sure}}
{{Definition|weird}}
{{Definition|slash}}
{{Definition|rude}}
{{Definition|punish}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|DoAdoSSjNSM}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Emails are easier to write than they are to respond to. You can write an email in seconds, link to an article or video with a simple copy and a paste and send. Now that poor person you wrote to has to scan his cluttered inbox, open your email, read it, decide how to respond, then respond. Emails often have open-ended questions that are hard to answer, and people often get "Cc"ed on emails they don't care about. This is all spiraling out of control and destroying your productivity. So we ask, do you wanna be part of the problem or part of the solution? Here are things you can start doing today, to make your emails better for everyone. Choose good subject lines that clearly give the topic of your email and maybe even tag with an action category. Write short emails, keep it to five sentences or less if you can, and make sure the reason for the email is clear at the top. No weird fonts or colors please. Don't give open-ended questions, but very specific-action options. Slash unnecessary “Ccs” and when forwarding emails, tighten up threads by deleting unimportant things. Oh, and stop replying just to say thanks. It might feel rude at first, but it's one less email to worry about reading. So unless you enjoy punishing people, join the emailcharter.
</div>
</div>
[[Category: transcript ok]]

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs about how to write a good e-mail, don't forget to tell us some personal experience with this matter if you have some. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

[[Category:Lessons in development]]

{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
}}

Lesson:What the Internet is Doing to Our Brains

2014-02-21T12:42:15Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# How long do you spend on the internet everyday?
# Do you access it only on your computer or do you also use it on other devices?
# Do you "google" a lot?
# Do You tend to forget about the information you just searched after using it for what you were doing?
# Do you think people nowadays are obsessed with technology?
# Doctors say that internet can be harmful to your memory, do you agree with that statement?
# Do you do anything that in your opiniopn may be harmful to your memory or even your body?
# What people should do to become more less dependant on the internet.
# Would you consider yourself as an internet addicted?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|behavior}}
{{Definition|share}}
{{Definition|superficial}}
{{Definition|shallow}}
{{Definition|whole}}
{{Definition|neurotransmitter}}
{{Definition|predators}}
{{Definition|conceptually}}
{{Definition|eroded}}
{{Definition|crowds}}
{{Definition|unplug}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|cKaWJ72x1rI}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Narrator: So you're reading an article online when you get an instant message with a link to a funny photo, which of course you have to share. And now you're reading your facebook news wall, which sends you to a video of a panda bear attacking a kid, and now you're reading wikipedia to learn everything you can about the violent behavior of panda bears. And this is what three minutes on the internet can be like. We live like this all the time, and it has to have some kind of effect on us.<br>
Nicholas: "The net is making us more superficial as thinkers". <br>
Narrator: That is Nicholas Carr. He is the author of The Shallows - What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. To understand this whole thing better we need to go way back in time, to say, like, the prehistoric age. <br>
Nicholas: You wanted to know everything going on around you, because the more you knew about your surroundings, the less likely you were to get attacked by a predator. And there's even evidence that our brains release some dopamine, a pleasure-producing neurotransmitter chemical, to reward us for seeking out and finding new information.<br>
Narrator: So getting distracted felt good and helped us stay alive. But the problem is that nowadays predators aren't much of an issue, but we still have the same brains. And also, there's the internet, which is...<br>
Nicholas: It's an incredibly information rich environment, uh, that the net creates for us, and that's why we use it so much, I mean, sounds, pictures, words, texts, and what this tends to do is promote a sort of compulsive behavior in which we are constantly checking our smartphone, constantly glancing at our email inbox. We're kind of living in this perpetual state of distraction and interruption.<br>
Narrator: Which is dangerous because... that mode of thinking crowds out the more contemplative, calmer modes of thinking, and that focused, calm thinking is actually how we learn. It's a process called memory consolidation. <br>
Nicholas: And that means the transfer of information from our short term working memory, to our long term memory. And it's through moving information from your working memory to your long term memory that you create connections between that information and everything else you know. <br>
Narrator: So you've got this awesome, life-changing piece of information in your short term memory, but then you hear that email ding and poof, there it goes. That email takes its place, and you never get a chance to learn anything, all because of one distraction.<br>
Nicholas: So, attention is the key, and if we lose control of our attention, or are constantly dividing our attention, then we don't really enjoy that consolidation process. <br>
Narrator: But I can hear it now, someone out there is saying: "uh, what does learning matter if all the information in the world is just a google search away?". Well... <br>
Nicholas: That is kind of short-changing our intellects. If that's the way you're using your mind, just kind of searching very quickly and finding information and then forgetting it very quickly, you're never building knowledge, you're simply, you're, you're kind of thinking like a computer.<br> Narrator: Which means that our very humanity is at stake. And it would be a shame if we all got assimilated, because, well, humanity is pretty neat. <br>
Nicholas: I really believe that if you look at the great monuments of culture, they come from people who are able to pay attention, who control their mind. That's what allows us to think in the highest terms and think conceptually, think critically, think in some very creative ways. <br>
Narrator: And it's this kind of thinking that's at risk, being eroded one cute cat video at a time. Don't get us wrong. The internet is good for lots of things, and it should be celebrated. But the best thing we can do for our minds is to find some time every day to unplug, calm down, and focus on one thing at a time. Your email, and those cats, will be here when you get back.<br>
</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs about how the influence of the internet is changing our lives, don´t forget to give your opinion about the matter and point out the good things and the bad things about it. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
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[[Category:Lessons in development]]

Lesson:What is Occupy Wall Street (and how will it be remembered)?

2014-02-21T12:41:19Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# What do you think about manifestations of civil society?
# Have you ever participated in any of them? Please, describe your experience.
# Does your country support or even encourages manifestations in any way?
# Are there any manifestations going on in your country, state or city right now?
# Do you like to express your opinions?
# What do you think is the best way to express one's opinions today? Why?
# Do you think expressing your opinions, alone, promotes change?
# Are you aware of any manifestations that have ever taken place where you live? What was(were) it(they) called?
# Do you think the Internet is a means that cooperates or disturbs the organization of manifestations?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|suddenly}}
{{Definition|evolves}}
{{Definition|laws}}
{{Definition|goal}}
{{Definition|occupiers}}
{{Definition|regardless}}
{{Definition|remaining}}
{{Definition|wealthiest}}
{{Definition|increasingly}}
{{Definition|stagnant}}
{{Definition|rallying}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|7VbrdplVRLw}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
The Occupy movement grew suddenly and sustained longer than was first imagined. But now that the Occupy movement is shutting down for the winter, what will it be remembered for? One of their main rallying cries is "we are the 99%". It's a reference to this fact. Taking the entire population of the U.S. you will find that merely 1% own nearly 50% of all our wealth and with wealth comes power and more wealth. In fact you will see that the wealthiest 1% of Americans over the last 40 years have grown increasingly wealthier and wealthier, while the remaining 99% stay relatively stagnant. And while the 1% have been gaining more power they haven't always used it for the good of society.<br>
Okay then, regardless if you see this as a problem or not, what remains confusing for some people and plain frustrating to others is that nobody knows what Occupiers really want. Even the Occupiers themselves seem to have different reasons for occupying, making people think that they're just being immature. Movements should have a very clear goal like "let's elect this president" or "let's create these new laws". But the Occupy movement is different. It seems to be saying things like "let's pay attention to this issue", "let's have a conversation", "let's listen to each other, especially the marginalized, and see how we can agree." It doesn't have one charismatic leader but is decentralized. It doesn't have one plain agenda but thousands and thousands of voices connecting together. It is much like the difference between a typical model of top-down power in the way the Internet works. So it seems that Occupy Wall Street is an Internet era movement. You see what most people don't understand is that Occupy Wall Street is not acting like 20th century politics, but instead it seems to be prototyping something new and we will continue to see how it evolves.
</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs about recent manifestations that ocurred in your country or somewhere else these days. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
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|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
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[[Category:Lessons in development]]

Lesson:How To Move And Pack Your House

2014-02-21T12:40:35Z

Mariana: /* Video */

==Conversation==

Answer the following questions. You might be asked to write them down or answer them out-loud.

# Have you ever moved? How was it? How many times did you move?
# Do you think that a change of scenery can be healthy once in a while or are you the kind of person that doesn't like changes?
# If a friend asks you to help him move, would you help him?
# Have you ever got mad with someone because they were disorganized?
# Are you an organized person?
# In your opinion, can moving be fun?
# In your opinion, what's the key to a successful moving day?
# When it comes to moving, do you think that boxing everything is faster than just stuffing things straight into the car?
# What is the worst thing about moving?
# What is the best thing about moving?

==Vocabulary==

Look at the vocabulary below. Take time to explore the links for their definitions in English and their translations to Portuguese. When you are done, make a sentence with each word. Ask your teacher if you should write them down or say them out loud.

{{Definition|junk}}
{{Definition|stuffed}}
{{Definition|slice}}
{{Definition|moving}}
{{Definition|breeze}}
{{Definition|boxes}}
{{Definition|rental}}
{{Definition|liquor}}
{{Definition|bin}}
{{Definition|score}}

==Video==

Watch the following video but DON'T read the transcript yet.

{{youtube|p0GQQT747KY}}
<br>
After watching the video do this [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseL1 | listening exercise]].
<div>
<br>
</div>

==Reading practice==

Read the following transcript then do the associated [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ExerciseRC1 | reading comprehension exercise]].

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:95%">Transcript:<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
You have to move into a new place, so it's time to call all your friends and offer to buy them pizza. If they'll just help get all your junk from here into here, then to here. They all remember the last time you asked for help, when they showed up and you weren’t even done packing. Everyone stuffed everything into their cars and it took all day. That’s not even worth a slice of pepperoni. The secret to making moving a breeze for you and your friends are 3 simple tips: 1st, There’s no such thing as too many boxes. Secondly, there’s no such thing as too many boxes. And #3, there’s no such thing as too many boxes. Seriously, packing is a breeze when everything is in a box. Now, don’t pay for them at the car rental place. Get them from stores who are recycling them. Here’s a pro tip: liquor stores have perfect boxes for protecting glasses. Start collecting weeks before you have to move, and stop at every recycling bin that might contain a good score. Now, pack everything up and get that move done in an hour, instead of ten. Your friends will thank you.
</div>
</div>

==Writing practice==

Write a couple of paragraphs talking about what you think is the most efficient way of moving into a new place. Make sure to use words you learned from the text and try to make it as long as you can.

<br><br>
{{#widget:DISQUS
|id=jointhegrove
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
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[[Category:Lessons in development]]