Gustavo: Created page with " ==Irregular Verbs== The following is a list of the irregular verbs that generally occur in standard modern English. It omits many rare, dialectal, and archaic forms,..."

2015-06-16T17:38:15Z

Created page with " ==Irregular Verbs== The following is a list of the irregular verbs that generally occur in standard modern English. It omits many rare, dialectal, and archaic forms,..."

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==Irregular Verbs==

The following is a list of the irregular verbs that generally occur in standard modern English. It omits many rare, dialectal, and archaic forms, as well as most verbs formed by adding prefixes to basic verbs (''unbend'', ''understand'', ''mistake'', etc.).

*''a-'' : for ''abide'', ''arise'', ''awake'', see ''bide'', ''rise'', ''wake''
*''be'' (''am'', ''is'', ''are'') – ''was'', ''were'' – ''been''
*''be-'' : for ''befall'', ''beset'', etc. see ''fall'', ''set'', etc.
*''bear'' – ''bore'' – ''borne'' [spelt ''born'' in passive and adjectival uses relating to birth]
*''beat'' – ''beat'' – ''beaten''
*''become'' – ''became'' – ''become''
*''beget'' – ''begot'' – ''begot(ten)'' [Biblical past tense: ''begat'']
*''begin'' – ''began'' – ''begun''
*''bend'' – ''bent'' – ''bent''
*''bet'' – ''bet'' – ''bet'' [past tense and participle also sometimes ''betted'']
*''beware'' – [[defective verb]]
*''bid'' – ''bid'' – ''bid'' [as in an auction]
*''bid'' – ''bade/bid'' – ''bidden/bid'' [meaning "request"]
*''bide'' – ''bided/bode'' – ''bided/bidden'' [but ''abide'' mostly uses the regular forms only]
*''bind'' – ''bound'' – ''bound''
*''bite'' – ''bit'' – ''bitten''
*''bleed'' – ''bled'' – ''bled''
*''blow'' – ''blew'' – ''blown''
*''break'' – ''broke'' – ''broken''
*''breed'' – ''bred'' – ''bred''
*''bring'' – ''brought'' – ''brought''
*''build'' – ''built'' – ''built''
*''burn'' – ''burnt/burned'' – ''burnt/burned''
*''burst'' – ''burst'' – ''burst''
*''buy'' – ''bought'' – ''bought''
*''cast'' – ''cast'' – ''cast'' [prefixed forms ''broadcast'', ''forecast'', etc. sometimes take ''-ed''<ref>For example, ''forecasted'' is acceptable as the past participle and past simple of the verb ''forecast'', especially in some technical meanings. See [http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/irregular-verbs/forecast.html www.usingenglish.com]</ref>]
*''catch'' – ''caught'' – ''caught''
*''choose'' – ''chose'' – ''chosen''
*''clad'' – ''clad/cladded'' – ''clad/cladded'' [''clad'' is also sometimes used as past form of ''clothe'']
*''cleave'' – ''clove/cleft'' – ''cloven/cleft'' [but regular when meaning "adhere"]
*''cling'' – ''clung'' – ''clung''
*''come'' – ''came'' – ''come''
*''cost'' – ''cost'' – ''cost'' [but regular when meaning "calculate the cost of"]
*''creep'' – ''crept/creeped'' – ''crept/creeped''
*''crow'' – ''crowed/crew'' – ''crowed'' [''crew'' normally used only of a cock's crowing]
*''cut'' – ''cut'' – ''cut''
*''deal'' – ''dealt'' – ''dealt''
*''dig'' – ''dug'' – ''dug''
*''dive'' – ''dived/dove'' – ''dived'' [the form ''dove'' is chiefly American]
*''do'' (''does'' {{IPA|/dʌz/}}) – ''did'' – ''done''
*''drag'' – ''dragged/drug'' – ''dragged/drug'' [the form ''drug'' is chiefly dialectal]
*''draw'' – ''drew'' – ''drawn''
*''dream'' – ''dreamed/dreamt'' – ''dreamed/dreamt''
*''drink'' – ''drank'' – ''drunk''
*''drive'' – ''drove'' – ''driven''
*''dwell'' – ''dwelt/dwelled'' – ''dwelt/dwelled''
*''eat'' – ''ate'' – ''eaten''
*''fall'' – ''fell'' – ''fallen''
*''feed'' – ''fed'' – ''fed''
*''feel'' – ''felt'' – ''felt''
*''fight'' – ''fought'' – ''fought''
*''find'' – ''found'' – ''found''
*''fit'' – ''fit/fitted'' – ''fit/fitted''
*''flee'' – ''fled'' – ''fled''
*''fling'' – ''flung'' – ''flung''
*''fly'' – ''flew'' – ''flown''
*''for(e)-'' : for ''forgo'', ''foresee'', etc. see ''go'', ''see'', etc.
*''forbid'' – ''forbade/forbid'' – ''forbidden''
*''forget'' – ''forgot'' – ''forgotten''
*''forsake'' – ''forsook'' – ''forsaken''
*''freeze'' – ''froze'' – ''frozen''
*''get'' – ''got'' – ''gotten/got'' [past participle ''got'' in British English, ''gotten'' in American English'']
*''gild'' – ''gilded/gilt'' – ''gilded/gilt''
*''give'' – ''gave'' – ''given''
*''go'' – ''went'' – ''gone''
*''grind'' – ''ground'' – ''ground''
*''grow'' – ''grew'' – ''grown''
*''hang'' – ''hung/hanged'' – ''hung/hanged'' [the form ''hanged'' is more common in the sense of execution by hanging]
*''have'' (''has'') – ''had'' – ''had''
*''hear'' – ''heard'' – ''heard''
*''hew'' – ''hewed'' – ''hewn/hewed''
*''hide'' – ''hid'' – ''hidden''
*''hit'' – ''hit'' – ''hit''
*''hoist'' – ''hoist/hoisted'' – ''hoist/hoisted''
*''hold'' – ''held'' – ''held''
*''hurt'' – ''hurt'' – ''hurt''
*''in-'' : for ''inlay'', ''input'', etc. see ''lay'', ''put'', etc.
*''inter-'' : for ''interlay'', ''interweave'', etc. see ''lay'', ''weave'', etc.
*''keep'' – ''kept'' – ''kept''
*''kneel'' – ''knelt/kneeled'' – ''knelt/kneeled''
*''knit'' – ''knit/knitted'' – ''knit/knitted''
*''know'' – ''knew'' – ''known''
*''lay'' – ''laid'' – ''laid''
*''lead'' – ''led'' – ''led''
*''lean'' – ''leaned/leant'' – ''leaned/leant''
*''leap'' – ''leaped/leapt'' – ''leaped/leapt''
*''learn'' – ''learned/learnt'' – ''learned/learnt''
*''leave'' – ''left'' – ''left''
*''lend'' – ''lent'' – ''lent''
*''let'' – ''let'' – ''let''
*''lie'' – ''lay'' – ''lain'' [but regular when meaning "tell an untruth"]
*''light'' – ''lit/lighted'' – ''lit/lighted''
*''lose'' – ''lost'' – ''lost''
*''make'' – ''made'' – ''made''
*''mean'' – ''meant'' – ''meant''
*''meet'' – ''met'' – ''met''
*''mis-'' : for ''misspeak'', ''mistake'', etc. see ''speak'', ''take'', etc.
*''mow'' – ''mowed'' – ''mowed/mown''
*''off-'' : for ''offset'' see ''set'', etc.
*''out-'' : for ''outbid'', ''output'', etc. see ''bid'', ''put'', etc.
*''over-'' : for ''overbid'', ''overdo'', etc. see ''bid'', ''do'', etc.
*''pay'' – ''paid'' – ''paid'' [but sometimes spelt regularly when meaning "let out" (rope etc.)]
*''plead'' – ''pleaded/pled'' – ''pleaded/pled''
*''pre-'' : for ''prepay'', ''preset'', etc. see ''pay'', ''set'', etc.
*''prove'' – ''proved'' – ''proved/proven''
*''put'' – ''put'' – ''put''
*''quit'' – ''quit'' – ''quit''
*''re-'' : for ''redo'', ''remake'', etc. see ''do'', ''make'', etc.
*''read'' {{IPA|/riːd/}} – ''read'' {{IPA|/rɛd/}} – ''read'' {{IPA|/rɛd/}}
*''rend'' – ''rent'' – ''rent''
*''rid'' – ''rid/ridded'' – ''rid/ridded/ridden''
*''ride'' – ''rode'' – ''ridden''
*''ring'' – ''rang'' – ''rung''
*''rise'' – ''rose'' – ''risen''
*''run'' – ''ran'' – ''run''
*''saw'' – ''sawed'' – ''sawn/sawed''
*''say'' (''says'' {{IPA|/sɛz/}}) – ''said'' – ''said''
*''see'' – ''saw'' – ''seen''
*''seek'' – ''sought'' – ''sought''
*''sell'' – ''sold'' – ''sold''
*''send'' – ''sent'' – ''sent''
*''set'' – ''set'' – ''set''
*''sew'' – ''sewed'' – ''sewn/sewed''
*''shake'' – ''shook'' – ''shaken''
*''shear'' – ''sheared/shore'' – ''shorn/sheared''
*''shed'' – ''shed'' – ''shed''
*''shine'' – ''shone/shined'' – ''shone/shined''
*''shit'' – ''shat/shit/shitted'' – ''shat/shit/shitted''
*''shoe'' – ''shoed/shod'' – ''shoed/shod''
*''shoot'' – ''shot'' – ''shot''
*''show'' – ''showed'' – ''shown/showed''
*''shrink'' – ''shrank/shrunk'' – ''shrunk''
*''shut'' – ''shut'' – ''shut''
*''sing'' – ''sang'' – ''sung''
*''sink'' – ''sank'' – ''sunk''
*''sit'' – ''sat'' – ''sat''
*''slay'' – ''slew/slayed'' – ''slain/slayed''
*''sleep'' – ''slept'' – ''slept''
*''slide'' – ''slid'' – ''slid''
*''sling'' – ''slung'' – ''slung''
*''slink'' – ''slunk'' – ''slunk''
*''slit'' – ''slit'' – ''slit''
*''smell'' – ''smelled/smelt'' – ''smelled/smelt''
*''smite'' – ''smote'' – ''smitten''
*''sneak'' – ''sneaked/snuck'' – ''sneaked/snuck'' [''snuck'' is chiefly American, and it is regarded as informal]
*''sow'' – ''sowed'' – ''sown/sowed''
*''speak'' – ''spoke'' – ''spoken''
*''speed'' – ''sped/speeded'' – ''sped/speeded''
*''spell'' – ''spelled/spelt'' – ''spelled/spelt''
*''spend'' – ''spent'' – ''spent''
*''spill'' – ''spilled/spilt'' – ''spilled/spilt''
*''spin'' – ''spun'' – ''spun''
*''spit'' – ''spat/spit'' – ''spat/spit'' [the form ''spit'' rather than ''spat'' is common in America]
*''split'' – ''split'' – ''split''
*''spoil'' – ''spoiled/spoilt'' – ''spoiled/spoilt''
*''spread'' – ''spread'' – ''spread''
*''spring'' – ''sprang/sprung'' – ''sprung''
*''stand'' – ''stood'' – ''stood''
*''stave'' – ''staved/stove'' – ''staved/stove''
*''steal'' – ''stole'' – ''stolen''
*''stick'' – ''stuck'' – ''stuck''
*''sting'' – ''stung'' – ''stung''
*''stink'' – ''stank'' – ''stunk''
*''strew'' – ''strewed'' – ''strewn/strewed''
*''stride'' – ''strode'' – ''stridden/strode''
*''strike'' – ''struck'' – ''struck''
*''string'' – ''strung'' – ''strung''
*''strive'' – ''strove/strived'' – ''striven/strived''
*''swear'' – ''swore'' – ''sworn''
*''sweat'' – ''sweated/sweat'' – ''sweated/sweat''
*''sweep'' – ''swept'' – ''swept''
*''swell'' – ''swelled'' – ''swollen/swelled''
*''swim'' – ''swam'' – ''swum''
*''swing'' – ''swung'' – ''swung''
*''take'' – ''took'' – ''taken''
*''teach'' – ''taught'' – ''taught''
*''tear'' – ''tore'' – ''torn''
*''tell'' – ''told'' – ''told''
*''think'' – ''thought'' – ''thought''
*''throw'' – ''threw'' – ''thrown''
*''thrust'' – ''thrust/thrusted'' – ''thrust/thrusted''
*''tread'' – ''trod'' – ''trodden/trod''
*''un-'' : for ''unbend'', ''unweave'', etc. see ''bend'', ''weave'', etc.
*''under-'' : for ''underlie'', ''undergo'', ''understand'', etc. see ''lie'', ''go'', ''stand'', etc.
*''up-'' : for ''upset'' see ''set'', etc.
*''wake'' – ''woke'' – ''woken''
*''wear'' – ''wore'' – ''worn''
*''weave'' – ''wove'' – ''woven''
*''wed'' – ''wed/wedded'' – ''wed/wedded''
*''weep'' – ''wept'' – ''wept''
*''wet'' – ''wet/wetted'' – ''wet/wetted''
*''win'' – ''won'' – ''won''
*''wind'' – ''wound'' – ''wound'' [but regular in the meanings connected with air and breath]
*''with-'' : for ''withdraw'', ''withhold'', ''withstand'', see ''draw'', ''hold'', ''stand''
*''wring'' – ''wrang/wrung'' – ''wrung''
*''write'' – ''wrote'' – ''written''

Lesson:Grammar/SimplePast - Revision history

Gustavo: Created page with " ==Irregular Verbs== The following is a list of the irregular verbs that generally occur in standard modern English. It omits many rare, dialectal, and archaic forms,..."