Difference between revisions of "Lesson:Infinitive or -ING"

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= Intro =
 
==Infinitivo ou -ing?==
 
==Infinitivo ou -ing?==
  
 
Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:
 
Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:
−
 
+
<div class="well well-ex">
−
    -ing (doing, singing)
+
*-ing (doing, singing)
−
 
+
</div>
 
:::ou
 
:::ou
−
 
+
<div class="well well-ex">
−
    infinitiva (to do, to sing).
+
*infinitiva (to do, to sing).
−
 
+
</div>
 +
<br>
 
Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?
 
Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*I dislike working late. (???)
 +
*I dislike to work late. (???)
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
== Part A ==
 +
===Quando usar a forma infinitiva===
  
−
    I dislike working late. (???)
+
{| class="prettytable" align="right"
−
    I dislike to work late. (???)
+
!colspan="5"| verb + to + verb
−
 
+
|+ align="bottom" |
−
==Quando usar a forma infinitiva==
+
Table 1
−
 
+
|-
 +
| forget || help || learn || teach || train
 +
|-
 +
| choose || expect || hope || need || offer
 +
|-
 +
| want || would like || agree || refuse || pretend
 +
|-
 +
| promise || allow || afford || decide  || manage
 +
|-
 +
| mean || tend || threaten || attempt || fail
 +
|-
 +
| plan || arrange || appear || seem || intend
 +
|-
 +
| dare || || || ||
 +
|}
 
1. A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:
 
1. A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:
  
−
* forget, help, learn, teach, train
+
<div class="well well-ex" style="width: 50%;">
−
* choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
+
*I forgot to close the window.
−
* agree, encourage, pretend, promise
+
*Mary needs to leave early.
−
* allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
+
*We can't afford to take a long holiday.
−
 
+
</div>
−
    I forgot to close the window.
 
−
    Mary needs to leave early.
 
−
    Why are they encouraged to learn English?
 
−
    We can't afford to take a long holiday.
 
  
 
2. A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:
 
2. A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:
  
 
* disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
 
* disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
−
 
+
<div class="well well-ex" style="width: 50%;">
−
    I was happy to help them.
+
*I was happy to help them.
−
    She will be delighted to see you.
+
*She will be delighted to see you.
 +
</div>
  
 
2.1 Isto inclui too + adjetivo:
 
2.1 Isto inclui too + adjetivo:
−
 
+
<div class="well well-ex">
−
    The water was too cold to swim in.
+
*The water was too cold to swim in.
−
    Is your coffee too hot to drink?
+
*Is your coffee too hot to drink?
 +
</div>
  
 
2.2 A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:
 
2.2 A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*He was strong enough to lift it.
 +
*She is rich enough to buy two.
 +
</div>
  
−
    He was strong enough to lift it.
+
== Part B ==
−
    She is rich enough to buy two.
+
===Quando usar -ing===
−
 
 
−
==Quando usar -ing==
 
  
 
1. A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:
 
1. A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:
−
 
+
<div class="well well-ex">
−
    Swimming is good exercise.
+
*Swimming is good exercise.
−
    Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
+
*Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
−
 
+
</div>
 
2. A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:
 
2. A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:
−
 
+
<div class="well well-ex">
−
    I look forward to meeting you.
+
*I look forward to meeting you.
−
    They left without saying "Goodbye."
+
*They left without saying "Goodbye."
−
 
+
</div>
 +
{| class="prettytable" align="right"
 +
!colspan="5"| verb + verb(ing)
 +
|+ align="bottom" |
 +
'''Table 2'''
 +
|-
 +
| avoid || dislike || enjoy || finish || mind
 +
|-
 +
| practice || imagine || suggest || stop || deny
 +
|-
 +
| delay || regret || admit || consider || involve
 +
|-
 +
| miss || postpone || risk || ||
 +
|}
 
3. A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:
 
3. A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:
 +
<div class="well well-ex" style="width: 50%;">
 +
*I dislike getting up early.
 +
*Would you mind opening the window?
 +
*Stop talking for a second, please.
 +
*I miss living with you.
 +
</div>
 +
4. Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:
  
−
* avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
+
* begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
 +
<div class="well well-ex">
 +
*It started to rain.
 +
*It started raining.
 +
*I like to play tennis.
 +
*I like playing tennis.
 +
</div>
  
−
    I dislike getting up early.
+
===Writing practice===
−
    Would you mind opening the window?
 
  
−
4. Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:
+
Make sentences using the verbs found in table 1 and table 2. Make sure you use the structure we learned in this lesson (verb to verb) and (verb + verb + ING).
  
−
* begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
+
== Extra Exercises ==
  
−
    It started to rain.
+
#[[Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1]]
−
    It started raining.
 
−
    I like to play tennis.
 
−
    I like playing tennis.
 
  
−
==Exercises==
+
<br><br>
 +
{{#widget:DISQUS
 +
|id=jointhegrove
 +
|uniqid={{PAGENAME}}
 +
|url={{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}}}
 +
}}
  
−
#[[Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1]]
+
[[Category:Core]]

Latest revision as of 17:06, 13 August 2020

Intro

Infinitivo ou -ing?

Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:

  • -ing (doing, singing)
ou
  • infinitiva (to do, to sing).


Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?

  • I dislike working late. (???)
  • I dislike to work late. (???)


Part A

Quando usar a forma infinitiva

verb + to + verb
Table 1
forget help learn teach train
choose expect hope need offer
want would like agree refuse pretend
promise allow afford decide manage
mean tend threaten attempt fail
plan arrange appear seem intend
dare

1. A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:

  • I forgot to close the window.
  • Mary needs to leave early.
  • We can't afford to take a long holiday.

2. A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:

  • disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
  • I was happy to help them.
  • She will be delighted to see you.

2.1 Isto inclui too + adjetivo:

  • The water was too cold to swim in.
  • Is your coffee too hot to drink?

2.2 A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:

  • He was strong enough to lift it.
  • She is rich enough to buy two.

Part B

Quando usar -ing

1. A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:

  • Swimming is good exercise.
  • Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.

2. A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:

  • I look forward to meeting you.
  • They left without saying "Goodbye."
verb + verb(ing)
Table 2
avoid dislike enjoy finish mind
practice imagine suggest stop deny
delay regret admit consider involve
miss postpone risk

3. A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:

  • I dislike getting up early.
  • Would you mind opening the window?
  • Stop talking for a second, please.
  • I miss living with you.

4. Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:

  • begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
  • It started to rain.
  • It started raining.
  • I like to play tennis.
  • I like playing tennis.

Writing practice

Make sentences using the verbs found in table 1 and table 2. Make sure you use the structure we learned in this lesson (verb to verb) and (verb + verb + ING).

Extra Exercises

  1. Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1



{{#widget:DISQUS |id=jointhegrove |uniqid=Infinitive or -ING |url=http://thegrove.com.br/metodo/index.php/Infinitive_or_-ING }}

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