Difference between revisions of "Lesson:Infinitive or -ING"

Revision as of 21:56, 1 March 2013

Infinitivo ou -ing?

Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:

   -ing (doing, singing)

ou

   infinitiva (to do, to sing).

Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?

   I dislike working late. (???)
   I dislike to work late. (???)

Quando usar a forma infinitiva

A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:

forget, help, learn, teach, train
choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
agree, encourage, pretend, promise
allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse

   I forgot to close the window.
   Mary needs to leave early.
   Why are they encouraged to learn English?
   We can't afford to take a long holiday.

A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:

disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised

   I was happy to help them.
   She will be delighted to see you.

Isto inclui too + adjetivo:

   The water was too cold to swim in.
   Is your coffee too hot to drink?

A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:

   He was strong enough to lift it.
   She is rich enough to buy two.

Quando usar -ing

A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:

   Swimming is good exercise.
   Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.

A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:

   I look forward to meeting you.
   They left without saying "Goodbye."

A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:

avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise

   I dislike getting up early.
   Would you mind opening the window?

Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:

begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.

   It started to rain.
   It started raining.
   I like to play tennis.
   I like playing tennis.

Exercises

Lesson:Infinitive or -ING/ExerciseA1

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Infinitive or -ing?
+==Infinitivo ou -ing?==
-Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its:
+Às vezes precisamos decidir quando usar um verbo em sua forma:
-     -ing form (doing, singing)
+     -ing (doing, singing)
-    or
+:::ou
-     infinitive form (to do, to sing).
+     infinitiva (to do, to sing).
-For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one?
+Por exemplo, apenas uma das seguintes frases está correta. Qual?
      I dislike working late. (???)
      I dislike to work late. (???)
-When to use the infinitive
+==Quando usar a forma infinitiva==
-The infinitive form is used after certain verbs:
+A forma infinitiva é utilizada depois de certos verbos:
-- forget, help, learn, teach, train
-- choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
+* forget, help, learn, teach, train
-- agree, encourage, pretend, promise
+* choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
-- allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
+* agree, encourage, pretend, promise
+* allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
      I forgot to close the window.
@@ Line 27: / Line 28: @@
      We can't afford to take a long holiday.
-The infinitive form is always used after adjectives, for example:
+A forma infinitiva sempre vem depois de adjetivos, por exemplo:
-- disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
+* disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
      I was happy to help them.
      She will be delighted to see you.
-This includes too + adjective:
+Isto inclui too + adjetivo:
      The water was too cold to swim in.
      Is your coffee too hot to drink?
-The infinitive form is used after adjective + enough:
+A forma infinitiva também vem depois de adjetivo + enough:
      He was strong enough to lift it.
      She is rich enough to buy two.
-When to use -ing
+==Quando usar -ing==
-The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause:
+A forma -ing é usada quando a palavra é o sujeito de uma sentença ou cláusula:
      Swimming is good exercise.
      Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
-The -ing form is used after a preposition:
+A forma -ing é usada depois de uma preposição:
      I look forward to meeting you.
      They left without saying "Goodbye."
-The -ing form is used after certain verbs:
+A forma -ing é usada depois de certos verbos:
-- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
+* avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
      I dislike getting up early.
      Would you mind opening the window?
-Some verbs can be followed by the -ing form or the infinitive without a big change in meaning: begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
+Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos de -ing ou ficarem na forma infinitiva sem alterar muito o sentido:
+* begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.
      It started to rain.